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Joshua 11:1

New American Standard Bible (NASB ©1995) [2]
— Then it came about, when Jabin king of Hazor heard [of it], that he sent to Jobab king of Madon and to the king of Shimron and to the king of Achshaph,
King James Version (KJV 1769) [2]
— And it came to pass, when Jabin king of Hazor had heard [those things], that he sent to Jobab king of Madon, and to the king of Shimron, and to the king of Achshaph,
English Revised Version (ERV 1885)
— And it came to pass, when Jabin king of Hazor heard thereof, that he sent to Jobab king of Madon, and to the king of Shimron, and to the king of Achshaph,
American Standard Version (ASV 1901) [2]
— And it came to pass, when Jabin king of Hazor heard thereof, that he sent to Jobab king of Madon, and to the king of Shimron, and to the king of Achshaph,
Webster's Revision of the KJB (WEB 1833)
— And it came to pass, when Jabin king of Hazor had heard [those things], that he sent to Jobab king of Madon, and to the king of Shimron, and to the king Achshaph,
Darby's Translation (DBY 1890)
— And it came to pass when Jabin king of Hazor heard [this], that he sent to Jobab king of Madon, and to the king of Shimron, and to the king of Achshaph,
Rotherham's Emphasized Bible (EBR 1902)
— And it came to pass, when Jabin king of Hazor heard, that he sent unto Jobab king of Madon, and unto the king of Shimron, and unto the king of Achshaph;
Young's Literal Translation (YLT 1898)
— And it cometh to pass when Jabin king of Hazor heareth, that he sendeth unto Jobab king of Madon, and unto the king of Shimron, and unto the king of Achshaph,
Douay-Rheims Challoner Revision (DR 1750)
— And when Jabin king of Asor had heard these things, he sent to Jobab king of Madon, and to the king of Semeron, and to the king of Achsaph:
Geneva Bible (GNV 1560)
— And whe Iabin King of Hazor had heard this, then he sent to Iobab King of Madon, & to the king of Shimron, & to the king of Achshaph,
Original King James Bible (AV 1611) [2]
— And it came to passe, when Iabin king of Hazor had heard [those things], that hee sent to Iobab king of Madon, and to the king of Shimron, & to the king of Achshaph,
Lamsa Bible (1957)
— AND when Nabin king of Hazur heard of these things, he sent to Jobab king of Meron, and to the king of Shamrin, and to the king of Achshaph,
Brenton Greek Septuagint (LXX, Restored Names)
— And when Jabesh{gr.Jabis} the king of Hazor{gr.Asor} heard, he sent to Jobab king of Maron, and to the king of Symoon, and to the king of Aziph,
Full Hebrew Names / Holy Name KJV (2008) [2] [3]
— And it came to pass, when Yavin king of Chatzor had heard [those things], that he sent to Yovav king of Madon, and to the king of Shimron, and to the king of Akhshaf,

Strong's Numbers & Hebrew NamesHebrew Old TestamentColor-Code/Key Word Studies
And it came to pass, x1961
(1961) Complement
הָיָה
hayah
{haw-yaw'}
A primitive root (compare H1933); to exist, that is, be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary).
when Yävîn יָבִין 2985
{2985} Prime
יָבִין
Yabiyn
{yaw-bene'}
From H0995; intelligent; Jabin, the name of two Canaanitish kings.
king 4428
{4428} Prime
מֶּלֶךְ
melek
{meh'-lek}
From H4427; a king.
of Çäxôr חָצוֹר 2674
{2674} Prime
חָצוֹר
Chatsowr
{khaw-tsore'}
A collective form of H2691; village; Chatsor, the name (thus simply) of two places in Palestine and of one in Arabia.
had heard 8085
{8085} Prime
שָׁמַע
shama`
{shaw-mah'}
A primitive root; to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively to tell, etc.).
z8800
<8800> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851)
Mood - Infinitive (See H8812)
Count - 4888
[those things], that he sent 7971
{7971} Prime
שָׁלַח
shalach
{shaw-lakh'}
A primitive root; to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications).
z8799
<8799> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851)
Mood - Imperfect (See H8811)
Count - 19885
to x413
(0413) Complement
אֵל
'el
{ale}
(Used only in the shortened constructive form (the second form)); a primitive particle, properly denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, that is, near, with or among; often in general, to.
Yôväv יוֹבָב 3103
{3103} Prime
יוֹבָב
Yowbab
{yo-bawb'}
From H2980; howler; Jobab, the name of two Israelites and of three foreigners.
king 4428
{4428} Prime
מֶּלֶךְ
melek
{meh'-lek}
From H4427; a king.
of Mäđôn מָדוֹן, 4068
{4068} Prime
מָדוֹן
Madown
{maw-dohn'}
The same as H4067; Madon, a place in Palestine.
and to x413
(0413) Complement
אֵל
'el
{ale}
(Used only in the shortened constructive form (the second form)); a primitive particle, properly denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, that is, near, with or among; often in general, to.
the king 4428
{4428} Prime
מֶּלֶךְ
melek
{meh'-lek}
From H4427; a king.
of Šimrôn שִׁמרוֹן, 8110
{8110} Prime
שִׁמְרוֹן
Shimrown
{shim-rone'}
From H8105 in its original sense; guardianship; Shimron, the name of an Israelite and of a place in Palestine.
and to x413
(0413) Complement
אֵל
'el
{ale}
(Used only in the shortened constructive form (the second form)); a primitive particle, properly denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, that is, near, with or among; often in general, to.
the king 4428
{4428} Prime
מֶּלֶךְ
melek
{meh'-lek}
From H4427; a king.
of ´Aȼšäf אַכשָׁף, 407
{0407} Prime
אַכְשָׁף
'Akshaph
{ak-shawf'}
From H3784; fascination; Acshaph, a place in Palestine.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary

Joshua 11:1-9

_ _ Joshua 11:1-9. Divers kings overcome at the waters of Merom.

_ _ And it came to pass, when Jabin king of Hazor had heard those things — The scene of the sacred narrative is here shifted to the north of Canaan, where a still more extensive confederacy was formed among the ruling powers to oppose the further progress of the Israelites. Jabin (“the Intelligent”), which seems to have been a hereditary title (Judges 4:2), took the lead, from Hazor being the capital of the northern region (Joshua 11:10). It was situated on the borders of lake Merom. The other cities mentioned must have been in the vicinity though their exact position is unknown.

Matthew Henry's Commentary

Joshua 11:1-9

_ _ We are here entering upon the story of another campaign that Joshua made, and it was a glorious one, no less illustrious than the former in the success of it, though in respect of miracles it was inferior to it in glory. The wonders God then wrought for them were to animate and encourage them to act vigorously themselves. Thus the war carried on by the preaching of the gospel against Satan's kingdom was at first forwarded by miracles; but, the war being by them sufficiently proved to be of God, the managers of it are now left to the ordinary assistance of divine grace in the use of the sword of the Spirit, and must not expect hail-stones nor the standing still of the sun. In this story we have,

_ _ I. The Canaanites taking the field against Israel. They were the aggressors, God hardening their hearts to begin the war, that Israel might be justified beyond exception in destroying them. Joshua and all Israel had returned to the camp at Gilgal, and perhaps these kings knew no other than that they intended to sit down content with the conquest they had already made, and yet they prepare war against them. Note, Sinners bring ruin upon their own heads, so that God will be justified when he speaks, and they alone shall bear the blame for ever. Judah had now couched as a lion gone up from the prey; if the northern kings rouse him up, it is at their peril, Genesis 49:9. Now, 1. Several nations joined in this confederacy, some in the mountains and some in the plains, Joshua 11:2. Canaanites from east and west, Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, etc. (Joshua 11:3), of different constitutions and divided interests among themselves, and yet they here unite against Israel as against a common enemy. Thus are the children of this world more unanimous, and therein wiser, than the children of light. The oneness of the church's enemies should shame the church's friends out of their discords and divisions, and engage them to be one. 2. The head of this confederacy was Jabin king of Hazor (Joshua 11:1), as Adoni-zedec was of the former; it is said (Joshua 11:10) Hazor had been the head of all those kingdoms, which could not have revolted without occasioning ill-will; but this was forgotten and laid aside upon this occasion, by consent of parties, Luke 23:12. When they had all drawn up their forces together, every kingdom bringing in its quota, they were a very great army, much greater than the former, as the sand on the sea shore in multitude, and upon this account much stronger and more formidable, that they had horses and chariots very many, which we do not find the southern kings had; hereby they had a great advantage against Israel, for their army consisted only of foot, and they never brought horses nor chariots into the field. Josephus tells us that the army of the Canaanites consisted of 300,000 foot, 10,000 horses, and 20,000 chariots. Many there be that rise up against God's Israel; doubtless their numbers made them very confident of success, but it proved that so much the greater slaughter was made of them.

_ _ II. The encouragement God gave to Joshua to give them the meeting, even upon the ground of their own choosing (Joshua 11:6): Be not afraid because of them. Joshua was remarkable for his courage — it was his master grace, and yet it seems he had need to be again and again cautioned not to be afraid. Fresh dangers and difficulties make it necessary to fetch in fresh supports and comforts from the word of God, which we have always nigh unto us, to be made use of in every time of need. Those that have God on their side need not be disturbed at the number and power of their enemies; more are those that are with us than those that are against us; those have the hosts of the Lord that have the Lord of hosts engaged for them. For his encouragement, 1. God assures him of success, and fixes the hour: Tomorrow about this time, when an engagement (it is probable) was expected and designed on both sides, I will deliver them up slain. Though they were to be slain by the sword of Israel, yet it is spoken of as God's work, that he would deliver them up. 2. He appoints him to hough their horses, hamstring them, lame them, and burn their chariots, not only that Israel might not use them hereafter, but that they might not fear them now, their God designing this contempt to be put upon them. Let Israel look upon their chariots but as rotten wood designed for the fire, and their horses of war as disabled things, scarcely good enough for the cart. This encouragement which God here gave to Joshua no doubt he communicated to the people, who perhaps were under some apprehensions of danger from this vast army, notwithstanding the experience they had had of God's power engaged for them. And the wisdom and goodness of God are to be observed, (1.) In infatuating the counsels of the enemy, that all the kings of Canaan, who were not dispersed at such a distance from each other but that they might have got all together in a body, did not at first confederate against Israel, but were divided into the southern and northern combination, and so became the less formidable. And, (2.) In preparing his people to encounter the greater force, by breaking the less. They first engage with five kings together, and now with many more. God proportions our trials to our strength and our strength to our trials.

_ _ III. Joshua's march against these confederate forces, Joshua 11:7. He came upon them suddenly, and surprised them in their quarters. He made this haste, 1. That he might put them into the greater confusion, by giving them an alarm, when they little thought he was near them. 2. That he might be sure not to come short of the honour God had fixed, to give him the meeting at the enemies' camp, tomorrow about this time. It is fit we should keep time with God.

_ _ IV. His success, Joshua 11:8. He obtained the honour and advantage of a complete victory; he smote them and chased them, in the several ways they took in their flight; some fled towards Zidon, which lay to the northwest, others towards Mizpeh, eastward, but the parties Joshua sent out pursued them each way. So the Lord delivered them into the hand of Israel; they would not deliver themselves into the hands of Israel to be made proselytes and tributaries, and so offered up to God's grace (Romans 15:16), and therefore God delivered them into their hands to be made sacrifices to his justice; for God will be honoured by us or upon us.

_ _ V. His obedience to the orders given him, in destroying the horses and chariots (Joshua 11:9), which was an instance, 1. Of his subjection to the divine will, as one under authority, that must do as he is bidden. 2. Of his self-denial, and crossing his own genius and inclination in compliance with God's command. 3. Of his confidence in the power of God engaged for Israel, which enabled them to despise the chariots and horses which others trusted in, Psalms 20:7; Psalms 33:17. 4. Of his care to keep up in the people the like confidence in God, by taking that from them which they would be tempted to trust too much to. This was cutting of a right hand.

John Wesley's Explanatory Notes

Joshua 11:1

Hazor — The chief city of those parts, Joshua 11:10. Had heard — This was a remarkable instance of the wisdom and goodness of Divine Providence, which so governed the minds of the Canaanites, that they were not all united under one king, but divided amongst many petty kings; and next, that these did not all unanimously join their counsels and forces together to oppose the Israelites at their first entrance, but quietly suffered the destruction of their brethren, thereby preparing the way for their own.

Geneva Bible Translation Notes

Joshua 11:1

And it came to pass, when Jabin king of Hazor had heard [those things], that he (a) sent to Jobab king of Madon, and to the king of Shimron, and to the king of Achshaph,

(a) The more God's power appears, the more the wicked rage against it.

Cross-Reference Topical ResearchStrong's Concordance
Jabin:

Joshua 11:10 And Joshua at that time turned back, and took Hazor, and smote the king thereof with the sword: for Hazor beforetime was the head of all those kingdoms.
Joshua 12:19 The king of Madon, one; the king of Hazor, one;
Joshua 19:36 And Adamah, and Ramah, and Hazor,
Judges 4:2 And the LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan, that reigned in Hazor; the captain of whose host [was] Sisera, which dwelt in Harosheth of the Gentiles.
Judges 4:17 Howbeit Sisera fled away on his feet to the tent of Jael the wife of Heber the Kenite: for [there was] peace between Jabin the king of Hazor and the house of Heber the Kenite.

he sent:

Joshua 10:3-4 Wherefore Adonizedek king of Jerusalem sent unto Hoham king of Hebron, and unto Piram king of Jarmuth, and unto Japhia king of Lachish, and unto Debir king of Eglon, saying, ... Come up unto me, and help me, that we may smite Gibeon: for it hath made peace with Joshua and with the children of Israel.
Psalms 2:1-4 Why do the heathen rage, and the people imagine a vain thing? ... He that sitteth in the heavens shall laugh: the Lord shall have them in derision.
Psalms 83:1-3 [[A Song [or] Psalm of Asaph.]] Keep not thou silence, O God: hold not thy peace, and be not still, O God. ... They have taken crafty counsel against thy people, and consulted against thy hidden ones.
Isaiah 26:11 LORD, [when] thy hand is lifted up, they will not see: [but] they shall see, and be ashamed for [their] envy at the people; yea, the fire of thine enemies shall devour them.
Isaiah 43:2 When thou passest through the waters, I [will be] with thee; and through the rivers, they shall not overflow thee: when thou walkest through the fire, thou shalt not be burned; neither shall the flame kindle upon thee.
Isaiah 43:5-7 Fear not: for I [am] with thee: I will bring thy seed from the east, and gather thee from the west; ... [Even] every one that is called by my name: for I have created him for my glory, I have formed him; yea, I have made him.

Madon:
The LXX read Μαρων, which, if legitimate, Calmet thinks may be the same as Maronia or Marath, in Phoenicia, to the north of mount Lebanon,
Joshua 12:19-20 The king of Madon, one; the king of Hazor, one; ... The king of Shimronmeron, one; the king of Achshaph, one;
Joshua 19:15 And Kattath, and Nahallal, and Shimron, and Idalah, and Bethlehem: twelve cities with their villages.
Joshua 19:25 And their border was Helkath, and Hali, and Beten, and Achshaph,
.

Shimron:
Supposed to be the same with Symira, in Coele-Syria, joined to Maron or Marath by Pliny and Pomponius Mela.

Achshaph:
Supposed by some to be the same as Achzib or Ecdippa; from which, however, it is distinguished in
Joshua 19:25 And their border was Helkath, and Hali, and Beten, and Achshaph,
Joshua 19:29 And [then] the coast turneth to Ramah, and to the strong city Tyre; and the coast turneth to Hosah; and the outgoings thereof are at the sea from the coast to Achzib:
. It was in the northern part of the tribe of Asher.
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Chain-Reference Bible SearchCross References with Concordance

Jsh 10:3; 11:10; 12:19; 19:15, 25, 29, 36. Jg 4:2, 17. Ps 2:1; 83:1. Is 26:11; 43:2, 5.

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