Romans 1:28New American Standard Bible (NASB ©1995) [2]
— And just as they did not see fit to acknowledge God any longer, God gave them over to a depraved mind, to do those things which are not proper,
King James Version (KJV 1769) [2]
— And even as they did not like to retain God in [their] knowledge, God gave them over to a reprobate mind, to do those things which are not convenient;
English Revised Version (ERV 1885)
— And even as they refused to have God in [their] knowledge, God gave them up unto a reprobate mind, to do those things which are not fitting;
American Standard Version (ASV 1901) [2]
— And even as they refused to have God in [their] knowledge, God gave them up unto a reprobate mind, to do those things which are not fitting;
Webster's Revision of the KJB (WEB 1833)
— And even as they did not like to retain God in [their] knowledge, God gave them over to a reprobate mind, to do those things which are not convenient;
Darby's Translation (DBY 1890)
— And according as they did not think good to have God in [their] knowledge, God gave them up to a reprobate mind to practise unseemly things;
Rotherham's Emphasized Bible (EBR 1902)
— And, even as they did not approve to be holding, God, in acknowledgment, God gave them up unto a disapproved mind to be doing the things that are not becoming,
Young's Literal Translation (YLT 1898)
— And, according as they did not approve of having God in knowledge, God gave them up to a disapproved mind, to do the things not seemly;
Douay-Rheims Challoner Revision (DR 1750)
— And as they liked not to have God in their knowledge, God delivered them up to a reprobate sense, to do those things which are not convenient.
Geneva Bible (GNV 1560)
— For as they regarded not to acknowledge God, euen so God deliuered them vp vnto a reprobate minde, to doe those things which are not conuenient,
Original King James Bible (AV 1611) [2]
— And euen as they did not like to retaine God in [their] knowledge, God gaue them ouer to a reprobate minde, to doe those things which are not conuenient:
Lamsa Bible (1957)
— And as they did not consent in themselves to know God, God has given them over to a weak mind, to do the things which should not be done; as,
John Etheridge Peshitta-Aramaic NT (1849)
— And as they did not decide in themselves to know Aloha, so did Aloha cause them to be delivered up to a mind of vainness, and to do what is not fit;
James Murdock Peshitta-Aramaic NT (1852)
— And as they did not determine with themselves to know God, God gave them over to a vain mind; that they might do what they ought not, |
And
2532 {2532} Primeκαίkai{kahee}
Apparently a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so, then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words.
even as
2531 {2531} Primeκαθώςkathos{kath-oce'}
From G2596 and G5613; just (or inasmuch) as, that.
they did
y1381 [1381] Standardδοκιμάζωdokimazo{dok-im-ad'-zo}
From G1384; to test (literally or figuratively); by implication to approve.
z0 <0000> Grammar
The original word in the Greek or Hebrew is translated by more than one word in the English. The English translation is separated by one or more other words from the original.
not
3756 {3756} Primeοὐou{oo}
A primary word; the absolutely negative (compare G3361) adverb; no or not.
like
1381 {1381} Primeδοκιμάζωdokimazo{dok-im-ad'-zo}
From G1384; to test (literally or figuratively); by implication to approve.
z5656 <5656> Grammar
Tense - Aorist (See G5777) Voice - Active (See G5784) Mood - Indicative (See G5791) Count - 2319
to retain
2192 {2192} Primeἔχωecho{ekh'-o}
A primary verb (including an alternate form σχέω [[scheo]], {skheh'-o}; used in certain tenses only); to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession, ability, contiguity, relation or condition).
z5721 <5721> Grammar
Tense - Present (See G5774) Voice - Active (See G5784) Mood - Infinitive (See G5795) Count - 647
God
2316 {2316} Primeθεόςtheos{theh'-os}
Of uncertain affinity; a deity, especially (with G3588) the supreme Divinity; figuratively a magistrate; by Hebraism very.
in
1722 {1722} Primeἐνen{en}
A primary preposition denoting (fixed) position (in place, time or state), and (by implication) instrumentality (medially or constructively), that is, a relation of rest (intermediate between G1519 and G1537); ' in', at, (up-) on, by, etc.
[ their] knowledge,
1922 {1922} Primeἐπίγνωσιςepignosis{ep-ig'-no-sis}
From G1921; recognition, that is, (by implication) full discernment, acknowledgement.
God
2316 {2316} Primeθεόςtheos{theh'-os}
Of uncertain affinity; a deity, especially (with G3588) the supreme Divinity; figuratively a magistrate; by Hebraism very.
gave
y3860 [3860] Standardπαραδίδωμιparadidomi{par-ad-id'-o-mee}
From G3844 and G1325; to surrender, that is, yield up, intrust, transmit.
z0 <0000> Grammar
The original word in the Greek or Hebrew is translated by more than one word in the English. The English translation is separated by one or more other words from the original.
them
y846 [0846] Standardαὐτόςautos{ow-tos'}
From the particle αὖ [[au]] (perhaps akin to the base of G0109 through the idea of a baffling wind; backward); the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the compound of G1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons.
over
3860 {3860} Primeπαραδίδωμιparadidomi{par-ad-id'-o-mee}
From G3844 and G1325; to surrender, that is, yield up, intrust, transmit.
z5656 <5656> Grammar
Tense - Aorist (See G5777) Voice - Active (See G5784) Mood - Indicative (See G5791) Count - 2319
x846 (0846) Complementαὐτόςautos{ow-tos'}
From the particle αὖ [[au]] (perhaps akin to the base of G0109 through the idea of a baffling wind; backward); the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the compound of G1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons.
to
1519 {1519} Primeεἰςeis{ice}
A primary preposition; to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases.
a reprobate
96 {0096} Primeἀδόκιμοςadokimos{ad-ok'-ee-mos}
From G0001 (as a negative particle) and G1384; unapproved, that is, rejected; by implication worthless (literally or morally).
mind,
3563 {3563} Primeνοῦςnous{nooce}
Probably from the base of G1097; the intellect, that is, mind (divine or human; in thought, feeling, or will); by implication meaning.
to do
4160 {4160} Primeποιέωpoieo{poy-eh'-o}
Apparently a prolonged form of an obsolete primary; to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct).
z5721 <5721> Grammar
Tense - Present (See G5774) Voice - Active (See G5784) Mood - Infinitive (See G5795) Count - 647
those things which are
y2520 [2520] Standardκαθήκωkatheko{kath-ay'-ko}
From G2596 and G2240; to reach to, that is, (neuter of present active participle, figuratively as adjective) becoming.
z0 <0000> Grammar
The original word in the Greek or Hebrew is translated by more than one word in the English. The English translation is separated by one or more other words from the original.
not
y3361 [3361] Standardμήme{may}
A primary particle of qualified negation (whereas G3756 expresses an absolute denial); (adverbially) not, (conjugationally) lest; also (as interrogitive implying a negative answer [whereas G3756 expects an affirmative one]); whether.
convenient;
2520 {2520} Primeκαθήκωkatheko{kath-ay'-ko}
From G2596 and G2240; to reach to, that is, (neuter of present active participle, figuratively as adjective) becoming.
z5723 <5723> Grammar
Tense - Present (See G5774) Voice - Active (See G5784) Mood - Participle (See G5796) Count - 2549
x3361 (3361) Complementμήme{may}
A primary particle of qualified negation (whereas G3756 expresses an absolute denial); (adverbially) not, (conjugationally) lest; also (as interrogitive implying a negative answer [whereas G3756 expects an affirmative one]); whether. |
Romans 1:28-31
_ _ gave them over — or “up” (see on Romans 1:24).
_ _ to do those things which are not convenient — in the old sense of that word, that is, “not becoming,” “indecorous,” “shameful.” |
Romans 1:28
God gave them up to an undiscerning mind — Treated of, Romans 1:32. To do things not expedient — Even the vilest abominations, treated of Romans 1:29-31. |
Romans 1:28
(11) And even as they did not like to retain God in [their] knowledge, God gave them over to a (m) reprobate mind, to do those things which are not convenient;
(11) He proves the unrighteousness of man by referring to many types of wickedness, from which (if not from all, yet at the least from many of them) no man is altogether free.
(m) To a corrupt and perverse mind, by which it comes to pass that the conscience, having been removed by them, and they having almost no more remorse for sin, run headlong into all types of evil. |
- as they did:
Romans 1:18 For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, who hold the truth in unrighteousness;
Romans 1:21 Because that, when they knew God, they glorified [him] not as God, neither were thankful; but became vain in their imaginations, and their foolish heart was darkened.
Job 21:14-15 Therefore they say unto God, Depart from us; for we desire not the knowledge of thy ways. ... What [is] the Almighty, that we should serve him? and what profit should we have, if we pray unto him?
Proverbs 1:7 The fear of the LORD [is] the beginning of knowledge: [but] fools despise wisdom and instruction.
Proverbs 1:22 How long, ye simple ones, will ye love simplicity? and the scorners delight in their scorning, and fools hate knowledge?
Proverbs 1:29 For that they hated knowledge, and did not choose the fear of the LORD:
Proverbs 5:12-13 And say, How have I hated instruction, and my heart despised reproof; ... And have not obeyed the voice of my teachers, nor inclined mine ear to them that instructed me!
Proverbs 17:16 Wherefore [is there] a price in the hand of a fool to get wisdom, seeing [he hath] no heart [to it]?
Jeremiah 4:22 For my people [is] foolish, they have not known me; they [are] sottish children, and they have none understanding: they [are] wise to do evil, but to do good they have no knowledge.
Jeremiah 9:6 Thine habitation [is] in the midst of deceit; through deceit they refuse to know me, saith the LORD.
Hosea 4:6 My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge: because thou hast rejected knowledge, I will also reject thee, that thou shalt be no priest to me: seeing thou hast forgotten the law of thy God, I will also forget thy children.
Acts 17:23 For as I passed by, and beheld your devotions, I found an altar with this inscription, TO THE UNKNOWN GOD. Whom therefore ye ignorantly worship, him declare I unto you.
Acts 17:32 And when they heard of the resurrection of the dead, some mocked: and others said, We will hear thee again of this [matter].
Romans 8:7-8 Because the carnal mind [is] enmity against God: for it is not subject to the law of God, neither indeed can be. ... So then they that are in the flesh cannot please God.
1 Corinthians 15:34 Awake to righteousness, and sin not; for some have not the knowledge of God: I speak [this] to your shame.
2 Corinthians 4:4-6 In whom the god of this world hath blinded the minds of them which believe not, lest the light of the glorious gospel of Christ, who is the image of God, should shine unto them. ... For God, who commanded the light to shine out of darkness, hath shined in our hearts, to [give] the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ.
2 Corinthians 10:5 Casting down imaginations, and every high thing that exalteth itself against the knowledge of God, and bringing into captivity every thought to the obedience of Christ;
2 Thessalonians 1:8 In flaming fire taking vengeance on them that know not God, and that obey not the gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ:
2 Thessalonians 2:10-12 And with all deceivableness of unrighteousness in them that perish; because they received not the love of the truth, that they might be saved. ... That they all might be damned who believed not the truth, but had pleasure in unrighteousness.
2 Peter 3:5 For this they willingly are ignorant of, that by the word of God the heavens were of old, and the earth standing out of the water and in the water:
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- a reprobate mind:
- or, a mind void of judgment,
Jeremiah 6:30 Reprobate silver shall [men] call them, because the LORD hath rejected them.
2 Corinthians 13:5-7 Examine yourselves, whether ye be in the faith; prove your own selves. Know ye not your own selves, how that Jesus Christ is in you, except ye be reprobates? ... Now I pray to God that ye do no evil; not that we should appear approved, but that ye should do that which is honest, though we be as reprobates.
2 Timothy 3:8 Now as Jannes and Jambres withstood Moses, so do these also resist the truth: men of corrupt minds, reprobate concerning the faith.
Titus 1:16 They profess that they know God; but in works they deny [him], being abominable, and disobedient, and unto every good work reprobate.
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- not convenient:
Ephesians 5:4 Neither filthiness, nor foolish talking, nor jesting, which are not convenient: but rather giving of thanks.
Philemon 1:8 Wherefore, though I might be much bold in Christ to enjoin thee that which is convenient,
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