1 Timothy 5:4New American Standard Bible (NASB ©1995) [2]
— but if any widow has children or grandchildren, they must first learn to practice piety in regard to their own family and to make some return to their parents; for this is acceptable in the sight of God.
King James Version (KJV 1769) [2]
— But if any widow have children or nephews, let them learn first to shew piety at home, and to requite their parents: for that is good and acceptable before God.
English Revised Version (ERV 1885)
— But if any widow hath children or grandchildren, let them learn first to shew piety towards their own family, and to requite their parents: for this is acceptable in the sight of God.
American Standard Version (ASV 1901) [2]
— But if any widow hath children or grandchildren, let them learn first to show piety towards their own family, and to requite their parents: for this is acceptable in the sight of God.
Webster's Revision of the KJB (WEB 1833)
— But if any widow hath children or nephews, let them learn first to show piety at home, and to requite their parents: for that is good and acceptable before God.
Darby's Translation (DBY 1890)
— but if any widow have children or descendants, let them learn first to be pious as regards their own house, and to render a return on their side to [their] parents; for this is acceptable in the sight of God.
Rotherham's Emphasized Bible (EBR 1902)
— Howbeit, if, any widow, hath, children or grandchildren, let them be learning—first, unto their own house, to be shewing reverence, and, returns, to be making unto their progenitors; for, this, is acceptable before God;
Young's Literal Translation (YLT 1898)
— and if any widow have children or grandchildren, let them learn first to their own house to show piety, and to give back a recompense to the parents, for this is right and acceptable before God.
Douay-Rheims Challoner Revision (DR 1750)
— But if any widow have children or grandchildren, let her learn first to govern her own house and to make a return of duty to her parents; for this is acceptable before God.
Geneva Bible (GNV 1560)
— But if any widowe haue children or nephewes, let them learne first to shewe godlinesse towarde their owne house, and to recompense their kinred: for that is an honest thing and acceptable before God.
Original King James Bible (AV 1611) [2]
— But if any widow haue children or nephewes, let them learne first to shew pietie at home, and to requite their parents: for that is good and acceptable before God.
Lamsa Bible (1957)
— And if any of the widows have children or grandchildren, let them know that aid should be first sought from those of their own household so that the children have the opportunity to repay their obligations to their parents; for this is acceptable before God.
John Etheridge Peshitta-Aramaic NT (1849)
— And if there be a widow who hath children, or children's children, let them learn first to do justly for their families, and to repay the debts (owing) to their parents; for this is acceptable before Aloha.
James Murdock Peshitta-Aramaic NT (1852)
— But if a widow hath children, or grandchildren, let them first learn to show kindness to their own households, and to repay the obligations to their parents; for this is acceptable before God. |
But
1161 {1161} Primeδέde{deh}
A primary particle (adversative or continuative); but, and, etc.
if
x1487 (1487) Complementεἰei{i}
A primary particle of conditionality; if, whether, that, etc.
any
y1536
x5100 (5100) Complementτὶςtis{tis}
An enclitic indefinite pronoun; some or any person or object.
widow
5503 {5503} Primeχήραchera{khay'-rah}
Feminine of a presumed derivation apparently from the base of G5490 through the idea of deficiency; a widow (as lacking a husband), literally or figuratively.
have
2192 {2192} Primeἔχωecho{ekh'-o}
A primary verb (including an alternate form σχέω [[scheo]], {skheh'-o}; used in certain tenses only); to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession, ability, contiguity, relation or condition).
z5719 <5719> Grammar
Tense - Present (See G5774) Voice - Active (See G5784) Mood - Indicative (See G5791) Count - 3019
children
5043 {5043} Primeτέκνονteknon{tek'-non}
From the base of G5098; a child (as produced).
or
2228 {2228} Primeἤe{ay}
A primary particle of distinction between two connected terms; disjunctive, or; comparative, than.
nephews,
1549 {1549} Primeἔκγονονekgonon{ek'-gon-on}
Neuter of a derivative of a compound of G1537 and G1096; a descendant, that is, (specifically) grandchild.
let them learn
3129 {3129} Primeμανθάνωmanthano{man-than'-o}
Prolonged from a primary verb, another form of which, μαθέω [[matheo]], is used as an alternate in certain tenses; to learn (in any way).
z5720 <5720> Grammar
Tense - Present (See G5774) Voice - Active (See G5784) Mood - Imperative (See G5794) Count - 592
first
4412 {4412} Primeπρῶτονproton{pro'-ton}
Neuter of G4413 as an adverb (with or without G3588); firstly (in time, place, order, or importance).
to shew piety
2151 {2151} Primeεὐσεβέωeusebeo{yoo-seb-eh'-o}
From G2152; to be pious, that is, (towards God) to worship, or (towards parents) to respect ( support).
z5721 <5721> Grammar
Tense - Present (See G5774) Voice - Active (See G5784) Mood - Infinitive (See G5795) Count - 647
at
x2398 (2398) Complementἴδιοςidios{id'-ee-os}
Of uncertain affinity; pertaining to self, that is, one's own; by implication private or separate.
home,
3624 {3624} Primeοἶκοςoikos{oy'-kos}
Of uncertain affinity; a dwelling (more or less extensive, literally or figuratively); by implication a family (more or less related, literally or figuratively).
y2398 [2398] Standardἴδιοςidios{id'-ee-os}
Of uncertain affinity; pertaining to self, that is, one's own; by implication private or separate.
and
2532 {2532} Primeκαίkai{kahee}
Apparently a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so, then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words.
to requite
287 {0287} Primeἀμοιβήamoibe{am-oy-bay'}
From ἀμείβω [[ameibo]] (to exchange); requital.
591 {0591} Primeἀποδίδωμιapodidomi{ap-od-eed'-o-mee}
From G0575 and G1325; to give away, that is, up, over, back, etc. (in various applications).
z5721 <5721> Grammar
Tense - Present (See G5774) Voice - Active (See G5784) Mood - Infinitive (See G5795) Count - 647
their parents:
4269 {4269} Primeπρόγονοςprogonos{prog'-on-os}
From G4266; an ancestor, ( grand-) parent.
for
1063 {1063} Primeγάρgar{gar}
A primary particle; properly assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles).
that
5124 {5124} Primeτοῦτοtouto{too'-to}
Neuter, singular, nomitive or accusative of G3778; that thing.
is
2076 {2076} Primeἐστίesti{es-tee'}
Third person singular present indicative of G1510; he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are.
z5748 <5748> Grammar
Tense - Present (See G5774) Voice - No Voice Stated (See G5799) Mood - Indicative (See G5791) Count - 1612
good
2570 {2570} Primeκαλόςkalos{kal-os'}
Of uncertain affinity; properly beautiful, but chiefly (figuratively) good (literally or morally), that is, valuable or virtuous (for appearance or use, and thus distinguished from G0018, which is properly intrinsic).
and
2532 {2532} Primeκαίkai{kahee}
Apparently a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so, then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words.
acceptable
587 {0587} Primeἀπόδεκτοςapodektos{ap-od'-ek-tos}
From G0588; accepted, that is, agreeable.
before
1799 {1799} Primeἐνώπιονenopion{en-o'-pee-on}
Neuter of a compound of G1722 and a derivation of G3700; in the face of (literally or figuratively).
God.
2316 {2316} Primeθεόςtheos{theh'-os}
Of uncertain affinity; a deity, especially (with G3588) the supreme Divinity; figuratively a magistrate; by Hebraism very. |
1 Timothy 5:4
_ _ if any widow have children — not “a widow indeed,” as having children who ought to support her.
_ _ nephews — rather, as Greek, “descendants,” or “grandchildren” [Hesychius]. “Nephews” in old English meant “grandchildren” [Hooker, Ecclesiastical Polity, 5.20].
_ _ let them — the children and descendants.
_ _ learn first — ere it falls to the Church to support them.
_ _ to show piety at home — filial piety towards their widowed mother or grandmother, by giving her sustenance. Literally, “to show piety towards their own house.” “Piety is applied to the reverential discharge of filial duties; as the parental relation is the earthly representation of God our heavenly Father’s relation to us. “Their own” stands in opposition to the Church, in relation to which the widow is comparatively a stranger. She has a claim on her own children, prior to her claim on the Church; let them fulfil this prior claim which she has on them, by sustaining her and not burdening the Church.
_ _ parents — Greek, (living) “progenitors,” that is, their mother or grandmother, as the case may be. “Let them learn,” implies that abuses of this kind had crept into the Church, widows claiming Church support though they had children or grandchildren able to support them.
_ _ good and — The oldest manuscripts omit. The words are probably inserted by a transcriber from 1 Timothy 2:3. |
1 Timothy 5:4
Let these learn to requite their parents — For all their former care, trouble, and expense. |
1 Timothy 5:4
(3) But if any widow have children or nephews, let them learn first to shew piety (4) at home, and (5) to requite their parents: (6) for that is good and acceptable before God.
(3) Widow's children and nephews must take care of their parents according to their ability. (4) The first reason, because that which they bestow upon their parents, they bestow it upon themselves. (5) Another, because nature itself teaches us to repay our parents. (6) The third: because this duty pleases God. |
- nephews:
Judges 12:14 And he had forty sons and thirty nephews, that rode on threescore and ten ass colts: and he judged Israel eight years.
*marg.
Job 18:19 He shall neither have son nor nephew among his people, nor any remaining in his dwellings.
Isaiah 14:22 For I will rise up against them, saith the LORD of hosts, and cut off from Babylon the name, and remnant, and son, and nephew, saith the LORD.
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- learn:
1 Samuel 22:3-4 And David went thence to Mizpeh of Moab: and he said unto the king of Moab, Let my father and my mother, I pray thee, come forth, [and be] with you, till I know what God will do for me. ... And he brought them before the king of Moab: and they dwelt with him all the while that David was in the hold.
Proverbs 31:28 Her children arise up, and call her blessed; her husband [also], and he praiseth her.
Luke 2:51 And he went down with them, and came to Nazareth, and was subject unto them: but his mother kept all these sayings in her heart.
John 19:26-27 When Jesus therefore saw his mother, and the disciple standing by, whom he loved, he saith unto his mother, Woman, behold thy son! ... Then saith he to the disciple, Behold thy mother! And from that hour that disciple took her unto his own [home].
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- piety:
- or, kindness,
Matthew 15:4-6 For God commanded, saying, Honour thy father and mother: and, He that curseth father or mother, let him die the death. ... And honour not his father or his mother, [he shall be free]. Thus have ye made the commandment of God of none effect by your tradition.
Mark 7:11-13 But ye say, If a man shall say to his father or mother, [It is] Corban, that is to say, a gift, by whatsoever thou mightest be profited by me; [he shall be free]. ... Making the word of God of none effect through your tradition, which ye have delivered: and many such like things do ye.
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- to requite:
Genesis 45:10-11 And thou shalt dwell in the land of Goshen, and thou shalt be near unto me, thou, and thy children, and thy children's children, and thy flocks, and thy herds, and all that thou hast: ... And there will I nourish thee; for yet [there are] five years of famine; lest thou, and thy household, and all that thou hast, come to poverty.
Genesis 47:12 And Joseph nourished his father, and his brethren, and all his father's household, with bread, according to [their] families.
Genesis 47:28 And Jacob lived in the land of Egypt seventeen years: so the whole age of Jacob was an hundred forty and seven years.
Ruth 2:2 And Ruth the Moabitess said unto Naomi, Let me now go to the field, and glean ears of corn after [him] in whose sight I shall find grace. And she said unto her, Go, my daughter.
Ruth 2:18 And she took [it] up, and went into the city: and her mother in law saw what she had gleaned: and she brought forth, and gave to her that she had reserved after she was sufficed.
Ephesians 6:1-3 Children, obey your parents in the Lord: for this is right. ... That it may be well with thee, and thou mayest live long on the earth.
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- good:
1 Timothy 2:3 For this [is] good and acceptable in the sight of God our Saviour;
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