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1 Chronicles 20:1

New American Standard Bible (NASB ©1995) [2]
— Then it happened in the spring, at the time when kings go out [to battle], that Joab led out the army and ravaged the land of the sons of Ammon, and came and besieged Rabbah. But David stayed at Jerusalem. And Joab struck Rabbah and overthrew it.
King James Version (KJV 1769) [2]
— And it came to pass, that after the year was expired, at the time that kings go out [to battle], Joab led forth the power of the army, and wasted the country of the children of Ammon, and came and besieged Rabbah. But David tarried at Jerusalem. And Joab smote Rabbah, and destroyed it.
English Revised Version (ERV 1885)
— And it came to pass, at the time of the return of the year, at the time when kings go out [to battle], that Joab led forth the power of the army, and wasted the country of the children of Ammon, and came and besieged Rabbah. But David tarried at Jerusalem. And Joab smote Rabbah, and overthrew it.
American Standard Version (ASV 1901) [2]
— And it came to pass, at the time of the return of the year, at the time when kings go out [to battle], that Joab led forth the army, and wasted the country of the children of Ammon, and came and besieged Rabbah. But David tarried at Jerusalem. And Joab smote Rabbah, and overthrew it.
Webster's Revision of the KJB (WEB 1833)
— And it came to pass, that after the year had expired, at the time that kings go out [to battle], Joab led forth the power of the army, and wasted the country of the children of Ammon, and came and besieged Rabbah. But David tarried at Jerusalem. And Joab smote Rabbah, and destroyed it.
Darby's Translation (DBY 1890)
— And it came to pass at the time of the return of the year, at the time when kings go forth, that Joab led forth the power of the army, and laid waste the land of the children of Ammon, and came and besieged Rabbah. But David abode at Jerusalem. And Joab smote Rabbah, and overthrew it.
Rotherham's Emphasized Bible (EBR 1902)
— And it came to pass, at the time of the turn of the year, at the time of the going forth of kings, that Joab led forth the force of the army, and laid waste the land of the sons of Ammon, and came and besieged Rabbah, but, David, was tarrying in Jerusalem,—and Joab smote Rabbah, and overthrew it.
Young's Literal Translation (YLT 1898)
— And it cometh to pass, at the time of the turn of the year—at the time of the going out of the messengers—that Joab leadeth out the force of the host, and destroyeth the land of the sons of Ammon, and cometh in and beseigeth Rabbah—David is abiding in Jerusalem—and Joab smiteth Rabbah, and breaketh it down.
Douay-Rheims Challoner Revision (DR 1750)
— And it came to pass after the course of a year, at the time that kings go out to battle, Joab gathered together an army and the strength of the troops, and wasted the land of the children of Ammon: and went and besieged Rabba. But David stayed at Jerusalem, when Joab smote Rabba, and destroyed it.
Geneva Bible (GNV 1560)
— And when the yere was expired, in the time that Kings goe out a warfare, Ioab caryed out the strength of the armie, and destroyed the countrey of the children of Ammon, and came and besieged Rabbah (but Dauid taryed at Ierusalem) ? Ioab smote Rabbah ? destroyed it.
Original King James Bible (AV 1611) [2]
— And it came to passe, that after the yeere was expired, at the time that kings goe out [to battell], Ioab led forth the power of the armie, and wasted the countrey of the children of Ammon, and came and besieged Rabbah (but Dauid taried at Ierusalem,) and Ioab smote Rabbah, and destroyed it.
Lamsa Bible (1957)
— AND it came to pass that in the next year, at the time when kings go out to battle, Joab mobilized the armed forces and came and encamped against the land of the children of Ammon and took some of the towns, and came and besieged Rabbath their capital city. But David remained at Jerusalem. And Joab captured Rabbath and destroyed it.
Brenton Greek Septuagint (LXX, Restored Names)
— And it came to pass at the return of the year, at the [time of the] going forth of kings [to war], that Joab gathered the whole force of the army, and they ravaged the land of the children of Ammon; and he came and besieged Rabbah{gr.Rabba}. But David abode in Jerusalem. And Joab smote Rabbah{gr.Rabba} and destroyed it.
Full Hebrew Names / Holy Name KJV (2008) [2] [3]
— And it came to pass, that after the year was expired, at the time that kings go out [to battle], Yoav led forth the power of the army, and wasted the country of the children of Ammon, and came and besieged Rabbah. But Dawid tarried at Yerushalaim. And Yoav smote Rabbah, and destroyed it.

Strong's Numbers & Hebrew NamesHebrew Old TestamentColor-Code/Key Word Studies
And it came to pass, x1961
(1961) Complement
הָיָה
hayah
{haw-yaw'}
A primitive root (compare H1933); to exist, that is, be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary).
that after 6256
{6256} Prime
עֵת
`eth
{ayth}
From H5703; time, especially (adverbially with preposition) now, when, etc.
the year 8141
{8141} Prime
שָׁנֵה
shaneh
{shaw-neh'}
(The first form being in plural only, the second form being feminine); from H8138; a year (as a revolution of time).
was expired, 8666
{8666} Prime
תְּשׁוּבָה
t@shuwbah
{tesh-oo-baw'}
From H7725; a recurrence (of time or place); a reply (as returned).
at the time 6256
{6256} Prime
עֵת
`eth
{ayth}
From H5703; time, especially (adverbially with preposition) now, when, etc.
that kings 4428
{4428} Prime
מֶּלֶךְ
melek
{meh'-lek}
From H4427; a king.
go out 3318
{3318} Prime
יָצָא
yatsa'
{yaw-tsaw'}
A primitive root; to go (causatively bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proximate.
z8800
<8800> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851)
Mood - Infinitive (See H8812)
Count - 4888
[to battle], Yô´äv יוֹאָב 3097
{3097} Prime
יוֹאָב
Yow'ab
{yo-awb'}
From H3068 and H0001; Jehovah-fathered; Joab, the name of three Israelites.
led forth 5090
{5090} Prime
נָהַג
nahag
{naw-hag'}
A primitive root; to drive forth (a person, an animal or chariot), that is, lead, carry away; reflexively to proceed (that is, impel or guide oneself); also (from the panting induced by effort), to sigh.
z8799
<8799> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851)
Mood - Imperfect (See H8811)
Count - 19885
x853
(0853) Complement
אֵת
'eth
{ayth}
Apparently contracted from H0226 in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely).
the power 2428
{2428} Prime
חַיִל
chayil
{khah'-yil}
From H2342; probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength.
of the army, 6635
{6635} Prime
צָבָא
tsaba'
{tsaw-baw'}
From H6633; a mass of persons (or figurative things), especially regularly organized for war (an army); by implication a campaign, literally or figuratively (specifically hardship, worship).
and wasted 7843
{7843} Prime
שָׁחַת
shachath
{shaw-khath'}
A primitive root; to decay, that is, (causatively) ruin (literally or figuratively).
z8686
<8686> Grammar
Stem - Hiphil (See H8818)
Mood - Imperfect (See H8811)
Count - 4046
x853
(0853) Complement
אֵת
'eth
{ayth}
Apparently contracted from H0226 in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely).
the country 776
{0776} Prime
אֶרֶץ
'erets
{eh'-rets}
From an unused root probably meaning to be firm; the earth (at large, or partitively a land).
of the children 1121
{1121} Prime
בֵּן
ben
{bane}
From H1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like H0001, H0251, etc.).
of `Ammôn עַמּוֹן, 5983
{5983} Prime
עַמּוֹן
`Ammown
{am-mone'}
From H5971; tribal, that is, inbred; Ammon, a son of Lot; also his posterity and their country.
and came 935
{0935} Prime
בּוֹא
bow'
{bo}
A primitive root; to go or come (in a wide variety of applications).
z8799
<8799> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851)
Mood - Imperfect (See H8811)
Count - 19885
and besieged 6696
{6696} Prime
צוּר
tsuwr
{tsoor}
A primitive root; to cramp, that is, confine (in many applications, literally and figuratively, formative or hostile).
z8799
<8799> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851)
Mood - Imperfect (See H8811)
Count - 19885
x853
(0853) Complement
אֵת
'eth
{ayth}
Apparently contracted from H0226 in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely).
Rabbà רַבָּה. 7237
{7237} Prime
רַבָּה
Rabbah
{rab-baw'}
Feminine of H7227; great; Rabbah, the name of two places in Palestine, East and West.
But Däwiđ דָּוִד 1732
{1732} Prime
דָּוִד
David
{daw-veed'}
From the same as H1730; loving; David, the youngest son of Jesse.
tarried 3427
{3427} Prime
יָשַׁב
yashab
{yaw-shab'}
A primitive root; properly to sit down (specifically as judge, in ambush, in quiet); by implication to dwell, to remain; causatively to settle, to marry.
z8802
<8802> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851)
Mood - Participle Active (See H8814)
Count - 5386
at Yærûšälaim יְרוּשָׁלִַם. 3389
{3389} Prime
יְרוּשָׁלִַם
Y@ruwshalaim
{yer-oo-shaw-lah'-im}
A dual (in allusion to its two main hills (the true pointing, at least of the former reading, seems to be that of H3390)); probably from (the passive participle of) H3384 and H7999; founded peaceful; Jerushalaim or Jerushalem, the capital city of Palestine.
And Yô´äv יוֹאָב 3097
{3097} Prime
יוֹאָב
Yow'ab
{yo-awb'}
From H3068 and H0001; Jehovah-fathered; Joab, the name of three Israelites.
smote 5221
{5221} Prime
נָכָה
nakah
{naw-kaw'}
A primitive root; to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively).
z8686
<8686> Grammar
Stem - Hiphil (See H8818)
Mood - Imperfect (See H8811)
Count - 4046
x853
(0853) Complement
אֵת
'eth
{ayth}
Apparently contracted from H0226 in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely).
Rabbà רַבָּה, 7237
{7237} Prime
רַבָּה
Rabbah
{rab-baw'}
Feminine of H7227; great; Rabbah, the name of two places in Palestine, East and West.
and destroyed 2040
{2040} Prime
הָרַס
harac
{haw-ras'}
A primitive root; to pull down or in pieces, break, destroy.
z8799
<8799> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851)
Mood - Imperfect (See H8811)
Count - 19885
it.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary

1 Chronicles 20:1

_ _ 1 Chronicles 20:1-3. Rabbah besieged by Joab, spoiled by David, and the people tortured.

_ _ at the time when kings go out to battle — in spring, the usual season in ancient times for entering on a campaign; that is, a year subsequent to the Syrian war.

_ _ Joab led forth the power of the army, and wasted the country ... of Ammon — The former campaign had been disastrous, owing chiefly to the hired auxiliaries of the Ammonites; and as it was necessary, as well as just, that they should be severely chastised for their wanton outrage on the Hebrew ambassadors, Joab ravaged their country and invested their capital, Rabbah. After a protracted siege, Joab took one part of it, the lower town or “city of waters,” insulated by the winding course of the Jabbok. Knowing that the fort called “the royal city” would soon fall, he invited the king to come in person, and have the honor of storming it. The knowledge of this fact (mentioned in 2 Samuel 12:26) enables us to reconcile the two statements — “David tarried at Jerusalem” (1 Chronicles 20:1), and “David and all the people returned to Jerusalem” (1 Chronicles 20:3).

Matthew Henry's Commentary

1 Chronicles 20:1-3

_ _ How the army of the Ammonites and their allies was routed in the field we read in the foregoing chapters. Here we have the destruction of Rabbah, the metropolis of their kingdom (1 Chronicles 20:1), the putting of their king's crown upon David's head (1 Chronicles 20:2), and the great severity that was used towards the people, 1 Chronicles 20:3. Of this we had a more full account in 2 Sa. 11, 12, and cannot but remember it by this sad token, that while Joab was besieging Rabbah David fell into that great sin in the matter of Uriah. But it is observable that, though the rest of the story is repeated, that is not: a hint only is given of it, in those words which lie here in a parenthesis — But David tarried at Jerusalem. If he had been abroad with his army, he would have been out of the way of that temptation; but, indulging his ease, he fell into uncleanness. Now, as the relating of the sin David fell into is an instance of the impartiality and fidelity of the sacred writers, so the avoiding of the repetition of it here, when there was a fair occasion given to speak of it again, is designed to teach us that, though there may be a just occasion to speak of the faults and miscarriages of others, yet we should not take delight in the repetition of them. That should always be looked upon as an unpleasing subject which, though sometimes one cannot help falling upon, yet one would not choose to dwell upon, any more than we should love to rake in a dunghill. The persons, or actions, we can say no good of, we had best say nothing of.

John Wesley's Explanatory Notes

[[no comment]]

Geneva Bible Translation Notes

1 Chronicles 20:1

And it came to pass, that after the year was expired, at the time that kings go out [to battle], Joab led forth the power of the army, and wasted the country of the children of Ammon, and came and besieged (a) Rabbah. But David tarried at Jerusalem. And Joab smote Rabbah, and destroyed it.

(a) Which was the chief city of the Ammonites.

Cross-Reference Topical ResearchStrong's Concordance
am 2969, bc 1035, An, Ex, Is, 456

And it came:

2 Samuel 11:1 And it came to pass, after the year was expired, at the time when kings go forth [to battle], that David sent Joab, and his servants with him, and all Israel; and they destroyed the children of Ammon, and besieged Rabbah. But David tarried still at Jerusalem.

after the year was expired:
Heb. at the return of the year,
1 Kings 20:22 And the prophet came to the king of Israel, and said unto him, Go, strengthen thyself, and mark, and see what thou doest: for at the return of the year the king of Syria will come up against thee.
1 Kings 20:26 And it came to pass at the return of the year, that Benhadad numbered the Syrians, and went up to Aphek, to fight against Israel.
2 Kings 13:20 And Elisha died, and they buried him. And the bands of the Moabites invaded the land at the coming in of the year.

wasted:

Isaiah 6:11 Then said I, Lord, how long? And he answered, Until the cities be wasted without inhabitant, and the houses without man, and the land be utterly desolate,
Isaiah 54:16 Behold, I have created the smith that bloweth the coals in the fire, and that bringeth forth an instrument for his work; and I have created the waster to destroy.

Rabbah:

Deuteronomy 3:11 For only Og king of Bashan remained of the remnant of giants; behold, his bedstead [was] a bedstead of iron; [is] it not in Rabbath of the children of Ammon? nine cubits [was] the length thereof, and four cubits the breadth of it, after the cubit of a man.
2 Samuel 12:26 And Joab fought against Rabbah of the children of Ammon, and took the royal city.
2 Samuel 17:27 And it came to pass, when David was come to Mahanaim, that Shobi the son of Nahash of Rabbah of the children of Ammon, and Machir the son of Ammiel of Lodebar, and Barzillai the Gileadite of Rogelim,
Jeremiah 49:2-3 Therefore, behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will cause an alarm of war to be heard in Rabbah of the Ammonites; and it shall be a desolate heap, and her daughters shall be burned with fire: then shall Israel be heir unto them that were his heirs, saith the LORD. ... Howl, O Heshbon, for Ai is spoiled: cry, ye daughters of Rabbah, gird you with sackcloth; lament, and run to and fro by the hedges; for their king shall go into captivity, [and] his priests and his princes together.
Ezekiel 21:20 Appoint a way, that the sword may come to Rabbath of the Ammonites, and to Judah in Jerusalem the defenced.
Ezekiel 25:5 And I will make Rabbah a stable for camels, and the Ammonites a couchingplace for flocks: and ye shall know that I [am] the LORD.
Amos 1:14 But I will kindle a fire in the wall of Rabbah, and it shall devour the palaces thereof, with shouting in the day of battle, with a tempest in the day of the whirlwind:

Joab smote:

2 Samuel 11:16-25 And it came to pass, when Joab observed the city, that he assigned Uriah unto a place where he knew that valiant men [were]. ... Then David said unto the messenger, Thus shalt thou say unto Joab, Let not this thing displease thee, for the sword devoureth one as well as another: make thy battle more strong against the city, and overthrow it: and encourage thou him.
2 Samuel 12:26-31 And Joab fought against Rabbah of the children of Ammon, and took the royal city. ... And he brought forth the people that [were] therein, and put [them] under saws, and under harrows of iron, and under axes of iron, and made them pass through the brickkiln: and thus did he unto all the cities of the children of Ammon. So David and all the people returned unto Jerusalem.
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Chain-Reference Bible SearchCross References with Concordance

Dt 3:11. 2S 11:1, 16; 12:26; 17:27. 1K 20:22, 26. 2K 13:20. Is 6:11; 54:16. Jr 49:2. Ezk 21:20; 25:5. Am 1:14.

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