Leviticus 4:13New American Standard Bible (NASB ©1995) [2]
— ‘Now if the whole congregation of Israel commits error and the matter escapes the notice of the assembly, and they commit any of the things which the LORD has commanded not to be done, and they become guilty;
King James Version (KJV 1769) [2]
— And if the whole congregation of Israel sin through ignorance, and the thing be hid from the eyes of the assembly, and they have done [somewhat against] any of the commandments of the LORD [concerning things] which should not be done, and are guilty;
English Revised Version (ERV 1885)
— And if the whole congregation of Israel shall err, and the thing be hid from the eyes of the assembly, and they have done any of the things which the LORD hath commanded not to be done, and are guilty;
American Standard Version (ASV 1901) [2]
— And if the whole congregation of Israel err, and the thing be hid from the eyes of the assembly, and they have done any of the things which Jehovah hath commanded not to be done, and are guilty;
Webster's Revision of the KJB (WEB 1833)
— And if the whole congregation of Israel shall sin through ignorance, and the thing be hid from the eyes of the assembly, and they have done [somewhat against] any of the commandments of the LORD [concerning things] which should not be done, and are guilty;
Darby's Translation (DBY 1890)
— And if the whole assembly of Israel sin inadvertently, and the thing be hid from the eyes of the congregation, and they do [somewhat against] any of all the commandments of Jehovah [in things] which should not be done, and are guilty;
Rotherham's Emphasized Bible (EBR 1902)
— And, if, the whole assembly of Israel, shall make a mistake, and a matter be hidden from the eyes of the convocation,—and so they do something, whereby they depart from any of the commandments of Yahweh, as to things which should not be done, and become guilty;
Young's Literal Translation (YLT 1898)
— 'And if the whole company of Israel err ignorantly, and the thing hath been hidden from the eyes of the assembly, and they have done [something against] one of all the commands of Jehovah [concerning things] which are not to be done, and have been guilty;
Douay-Rheims Challoner Revision (DR 1750)
— And if all the multitude of Israel shall be ignorant, and through ignorance shall do that which is against the commandment of the Lord,
Geneva Bible (GNV 1560)
— And if the whole Congregation of Israel shall sinne through ignorance, and the thing be hid from the eyes of the multitude, and haue done against any of the commaundementes of the Lorde which should not be done, and haue offended:
Original King James Bible (AV 1611) [2]
— And if the whole Congregation of Israel sinne through ignorance, and the thing be hid from the eyes of the assembly, and they haue done somewhat against any of the Commandements of the LORD, concerning things which should not be done, and are guiltie:
Lamsa Bible (1957)
— And if the whole congregation of Israel go wrong, and the thing is hidden from the eyes of the assembly, and they have done somewhat against any of the commandments of the LORD concerning things which should not be done and are guilty;
Brenton Greek Septuagint (LXX, Restored Names)
— And if the whole congregation of Israel trespass ignorantly, and a thing should escape the notice of the congregation, and they should do one thing forbidden of any of the commands of the Lord, which ought not to be done, and should transgress:
Full Hebrew Names / Holy Name KJV (2008) [2] [3]
— And if the whole congregation of Yisrael sin through ignorance, and the thing be hid from the eyes of the assembly, and they have done [somewhat against] any of the commandments of Yahweh [concerning things] which should not be done, and are guilty; |
And if
x518 (0518) Complementאִם'im{eem}
A primitive particle; used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogitive, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also Oh that!, when; hence as a negative, not.
the whole
x3605 (3605) Complementכֹּלkol{kole}
From H3634; properly the whole; hence all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense).
congregation
5712 {5712} Primeעֵדָה`edah{ay-daw'}
Feminine of H5707 in the original sense of fixture; a stated assemblage (specifically a concourse, or generally a family or crowd).
of
Yiŝrä´ël
יִשׂרָאֵל
3478 {3478} PrimeיִשְׂרָאֵלYisra'el{yis-raw-ale'}
From H8280 and H0410; he will rule as God; Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity.
sin through ignorance,
7686 {7686} Primeשָׁגָהshagah{shaw-gaw'}
A primitive root; to stray (causatively mislead), usually (figuratively) to mistake, especially (morally) to transgress; by extension (through the idea of intoxication) to reel, (figuratively) be enraptured.
z8799 <8799> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851) Mood - Imperfect (See H8811) Count - 19885
and the thing
1697 {1697} Primeדָּבָרdabar{daw-baw'}
From H1696; a word; by implication a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially a cause.
be hid
5956 {5956} Primeעָלַם`alam{aw-lam'}
A primitive root; to veil from sight, that is, conceal (literally or figuratively).
z8738 <8738> Grammar
Stem - Niphal (See H8833) Mood - Perfect (See H8816) Count - 1429
from the eyes
5869 {5869} Primeעַיִן`ayin{ah'-yin}
Probably a primitive word; an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy a fountain (as the eye of the landscape).
x4480 (4480) Complementמִןmin{min}
For H4482; properly a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses.
of the assembly,
6951 {6951} Primeקָהָלqahal{kaw-hawl'}
From H6950; assemblage (usually concretely).
and they have done
6213 {6213} Primeעָשָׂה`asah{aw-saw'}
A primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application.
z8804 <8804> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851) Mood - Perfect (See H8816) Count - 12562
[ somewhat against] any
y259 [0259] Standardאֶחָד'echad{ekh-awd'}
A numeral from H0258; properly united, that is, one; or (as an ordinal) first.
of
x259 (0259) Complementאֶחָד'echad{ekh-awd'}
A numeral from H0258; properly united, that is, one; or (as an ordinal) first.
x4480 (4480) Complementמִןmin{min}
For H4482; properly a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses.
x3605 (3605) Complementכֹּלkol{kole}
From H3634; properly the whole; hence all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense).
the commandments
4687 {4687} Primeמִצְוָהmitsvah{mits-vaw'}
From H6680; a command, whether human or divine (collectively the Law).
of
Yähwè
יָהוֶה
3068 {3068} PrimeיְהֹוָהY@hovah{yeh-ho-vaw'}
From H1961; (the) self Existent or eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God.
[ concerning things] which
x834 (0834) Complementאֲשֶׁר'asher{ash-er'}
A primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number); who, which, what, that; also (as adverb and conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.
should not
x3808 (3808) Complementלֹאlo'{lo}
lo; a primitive particle; not (the simple or abstract negation); by implication no; often used with other particles.
be done,
6213 {6213} Primeעָשָׂה`asah{aw-saw'}
A primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application.
z8735 <8735> Grammar
Stem - Niphal (See H8833) Mood - Imperfect (See H8811) Count - 1602
and are guilty;
816 {0816} Primeאָשַׁם'asham{aw-sham'}
A primitive root; to be guilty; by implication to be punished or perish.
z8804 <8804> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851) Mood - Perfect (See H8816) Count - 12562 |
Leviticus 4:13-21
_ _ if the whole congregation of Israel sin through ignorance — In consequence of some culpable neglect or misapprehension of the law, the people might contract national guilt, and then national expiation was necessary. The same sacrifice was to be offered as in the former case, but with this difference in the ceremonial, that the elders or heads of the tribes, as representing the people and being the principal aggressors in misleading the congregation, laid their hands on the head of the victim. The priest then took the blood into the holy place, where, after dipping his finger in it seven times, he sprinkled the drops seven times before the veil. This done, he returned to the court of the priests, and ascending the altar, put some portion upon its horns; then he poured it out at the foot of the altar. The fat was the only part of the animal which was offered on the altar; for the carcass, with its appurtenances and offals, was carried without the camp, into the place where the ashes were deposited, and there consumed with fire. |
Leviticus 4:13-21
_ _ This is the law for expiating the guilt of a national sin, by a sin offering. If the leaders of the people, through mistake concerning the law, caused them to err, when the mistake was discovered an offering must be brought, that wrath might not come upon the whole congregation. Observe, 1. It is possible that the church may err, and that her guides may mislead her. It is here supposed that the whole congregation may sin, and sin through ignorance. God will always have a church on earth; but he never said it should be infallible, or perfectly pure from corruption on this side heaven. 2. When a sacrifice was to be offered for the whole congregation, the elders were to lay their hands upon the head of it (three of them at least), as representatives of the people and agents for them. The sin we suppose to have been some common custom, taken up and used by the generality of the people, upon presumption of its being lawful, which afterwards, upon search, appeared to be otherwise. In this case the commonness of the usage received perhaps by tradition from their fathers, and the vulgar opinion of its being lawful, would not so far excuse them from sin but that they must bring a sacrifice to make atonement for it. There are many bad customs and forms of speech which are thought to have no harm in them, and yet may bring guilt and wrath upon a land, which therefore it concerns the elders both to reform and to intercede with God for the pardon of, Joel 2:16. 3. The blood of this sin-offering, as of the former, was to be sprinkled seven times before the Lord, Leviticus 4:17. It was not to be poured out there, but sprinkled only; for the cleansing virtue of the blood of Christ was then and still is sufficiently signified and represented by sprinkling, Isaiah 52:15. It was to be sprinkled seven times. Seven is a number of perfection, because when God had made the world in six days he rested the seventh; so this signified the perfect satisfaction Christ made, and the complete cleansing of the souls of the faithful by it; see Hebrews 10:14. The blood was likewise to be put upon the horns of the incense-altar, to which there seems to be an allusion in Jeremiah 17:1, where the sin of Judah is said to be graven upon the horns of their altars. If they did not forsake their sins, the putting of the blood of their sin-offerings upon the horns of their altars, instead of taking away their guilt, did but bind it on the faster, perpetuated the remembrance of it, and remained a witness against them. It is likewise alluded to in Revelation 9:13, where a voice is heard from the four horns of the golden altar; that is, an answer of peace is given to the prayers of the saints, which are acceptable and prevalent only by virtue of the blood of the sin-offering put upon the horns of that altar; compare Revelation 8:3. 4. When the offering is completed, it is said, atonement is made, and the sin shall be forgiven, Leviticus 4:20. The promise of remission is founded upon the atonement. It is spoken here of the forgiveness of the sin of the whole congregation, that is, the turning away of those national judgments which the sin deserved. Note, The saving of churches and kingdoms from ruin is owing to the satisfaction and mediation of Christ. |
Leviticus 4:13
The whole congregation — The body of the people, or the greater part of them, their rulers concurring with them. |
Leviticus 4:13
And if the (f) whole congregation of Israel sin through ignorance, and the thing be hid from the eyes of the assembly, and they have done [somewhat against] any of the commandments of the LORD [concerning things] which should not be done, and are guilty;
(f) The multitude does not excuse the sin, but if all have sinned, they must all be punished. |
- the whole congregation:
- This may refer to some oversight in acts of religious worship, or to some transgression of the letter of the law, which arose out of the peculiar circumstances in which they were found, as in the case mentioned in
1 Samuel 14:32 And the people flew upon the spoil, and took sheep, and oxen, and calves, and slew [them] on the ground: and the people did eat [them] with the blood.
, et seq. The sacrifices and rites in this case were the same as in the preceding; only here the elders laid their hands on the head of the victim, in the name of all the congregation.
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- through ignorance:
Leviticus 4:1-2 And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying, ... Speak unto the children of Israel, saying, If a soul shall sin through ignorance against any of the commandments of the LORD [concerning things] which ought not to be done, and shall do against any of them:
Leviticus 5:2-5 Or if a soul touch any unclean thing, whether [it be] a carcase of an unclean beast, or a carcase of unclean cattle, or the carcase of unclean creeping things, and [if] it be hidden from him; he also shall be unclean, and guilty. ... And it shall be, when he shall be guilty in one of these [things], that he shall confess that he hath sinned in that [thing]:
Leviticus 5:17 And if a soul sin, and commit any of these things which are forbidden to be done by the commandments of the LORD; though he wist [it] not, yet is he guilty, and shall bear his iniquity.
Numbers 15:24-29 Then it shall be, if [ought] be committed by ignorance without the knowledge of the congregation, that all the congregation shall offer one young bullock for a burnt offering, for a sweet savour unto the LORD, with his meat offering, and his drink offering, according to the manner, and one kid of the goats for a sin offering. ... Ye shall have one law for him that sinneth through ignorance, [both for] him that is born among the children of Israel, and for the stranger that sojourneth among them.
Joshua 7:11 Israel hath sinned, and they have also transgressed my covenant which I commanded them: for they have even taken of the accursed thing, and have also stolen, and dissembled also, and they have put [it] even among their own stuff.
Joshua 7:24-26 And Joshua, and all Israel with him, took Achan the son of Zerah, and the silver, and the garment, and the wedge of gold, and his sons, and his daughters, and his oxen, and his asses, and his sheep, and his tent, and all that he had: and they brought them unto the valley of Achor. ... And they raised over him a great heap of stones unto this day. So the LORD turned from the fierceness of his anger. Wherefore the name of that place was called, The valley of Achor, unto this day.
1 Timothy 1:13 Who was before a blasphemer, and a persecutor, and injurious: but I obtained mercy, because I did [it] ignorantly in unbelief.
Hebrews 10:26-29 For if we sin wilfully after that we have received the knowledge of the truth, there remaineth no more sacrifice for sins, ... Of how much sorer punishment, suppose ye, shall he be thought worthy, who hath trodden under foot the Son of God, and hath counted the blood of the covenant, wherewith he was sanctified, an unholy thing, and hath done despite unto the Spirit of grace?
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- and are guilty:
Leviticus 5:2-5 Or if a soul touch any unclean thing, whether [it be] a carcase of an unclean beast, or a carcase of unclean cattle, or the carcase of unclean creeping things, and [if] it be hidden from him; he also shall be unclean, and guilty. ... And it shall be, when he shall be guilty in one of these [things], that he shall confess that he hath sinned in that [thing]:
Leviticus 5:17 And if a soul sin, and commit any of these things which are forbidden to be done by the commandments of the LORD; though he wist [it] not, yet is he guilty, and shall bear his iniquity.
Leviticus 6:4 Then it shall be, because he hath sinned, and is guilty, that he shall restore that which he took violently away, or the thing which he hath deceitfully gotten, or that which was delivered him to keep, or the lost thing which he found,
Ezra 10:19 And they gave their hands that they would put away their wives; and [being] guilty, [they offered] a ram of the flock for their trespass.
Hosea 5:15 I will go [and] return to my place, till they acknowledge their offence, and seek my face: in their affliction they will seek me early.
*marg.
1 Corinthians 11:27 Wherefore whosoever shall eat this bread, and drink [this] cup of the Lord, unworthily, shall be guilty of the body and blood of the Lord.
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