Deuteronomy 19:6New American Standard Bible (NASB ©1995) [2]
— otherwise the avenger of blood might pursue the manslayer in the heat of his anger, and overtake him, because the way is long, and take his life, though he was not deserving of death, since he had not hated him previously.
King James Version (KJV 1769) [2]
— Lest the avenger of the blood pursue the slayer, while his heart is hot, and overtake him, because the way is long, and slay him; whereas he [was] not worthy of death, inasmuch as he hated him not in time past.
English Revised Version (ERV 1885)
— lest the avenger of blood pursue the manslayer, while his heart is hot, and overtake him, because the way is long, and smite him mortally; whereas he was not worthy of death, inasmuch as he hated him not in time past.
American Standard Version (ASV 1901) [2]
— lest the avenger of blood pursue the manslayer, while his heart is hot, and overtake him, because the way is long, and smite him mortally; whereas he was not worthy of death, inasmuch as he hated him not in time past.
Webster's Revision of the KJB (WEB 1833)
— Lest the avenger of blood shall pursue the slayer, while his heart is hot, and overtake him, because the way is long, and slay him; whereas he [was] not worthy of death, inasmuch as he hated him not in time past.
Darby's Translation (DBY 1890)
— lest the avenger of blood pursue the manslayer, while his heart is hot, and overtake him, because the way is long, and smite him mortally; whereas he was not worthy of death, since he hated him not previously.
Rotherham's Emphasized Bible (EBR 1902)
— lest the blood redeemer pursue the manslayer, because his heart is hot, and overtake him, because the way is long, and he smite him so as to take away his life,—he not being worthy of death, seeing that he had not been hating him, aforetime.
Young's Literal Translation (YLT 1898)
— lest the redeemer of blood pursue after the man-slayer when his heart is hot, and hath overtaken him (because the way is great), and hath smitten him—the life, and he hath no sentence of death, for he is not hating him heretofore;
Douay-Rheims Challoner Revision (DR 1750)
— Lest perhaps the next kinsman of him whose blood was shed, pushed on by his grief should pursue, and apprehend him, if the way be too long, and take away the life of him who is not guilty of death, because he is proved to have had no hatred before against him that was slain.
Geneva Bible (GNV 1560)
— Least the auenger of the blood followe after the manslaier, while his heart is chafed, and ouertake him, because the way is long, and slaie him, although he be not worthy of death, because he hated him not in time passed.
Original King James Bible (AV 1611) [2]
— Lest the auenger of the blood pursue the slaier, while his heart is hot, and ouertake him, because the way is long, and slay him, whereas he was not worthy of death, in as much as hee hated him not in time past.
Lamsa Bible (1957)
— Lest the avenger of the blood pursue the slayer, while his anger is hot, and overtake him, because the way is long, and slay him; though he was not worthy of death, because he hated him not in time past.
Brenton Greek Septuagint (LXX, Restored Names)
— Lest the avenger of blood pursue after the slayer, because his heart is hot, and overtake him, if the way be too long, and slay him, though there is to this man no sentence of death, because he hated him not in time past.
Full Hebrew Names / Holy Name KJV (2008) [2] [3]
— Lest the avenger of the blood pursue the slayer, while his heart is hot, and overtake him, because the way is long, and slay him; whereas he [was] not worthy of death, inasmuch as he hated him not in time past. |
Lest
x6435 (6435) Complementפֵּןpen{pane}
From H6437; properly removal; used only (in the constructive) adverbially as conjugation lest.
the avenger
1350 {1350} Primeגָּאַלga'al{gaw-al'}
A primitive root, to redeem (according to the Oriental law of kinship), that is, to be the next of kin (and as such to buy back a relative's property, marry his widow, etc.).
z8802 <8802> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851) Mood - Participle Active (See H8814) Count - 5386
of the blood
1818 {1818} Primeדָּםdam{dawm}
From H1826 (compare H0119); blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy the juice of the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshed (that is, drops of blood).
z8676 <8676> Grammar
Qere Reading
Where the translators of the Authorised Version followed the kethiv reading rather than the qere.
pursue
7291 {7291} Primeרָדַףradaph{raw-daf'}
A primitive root; to run after (usually with hostile intent; figuratively (of time) gone by).
z8799 <8799> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851) Mood - Imperfect (See H8811) Count - 19885
x310 (0310) Complementאַחַר'achar{akh-ar'}
From H0309; properly the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjugation, after (in various senses).
the slayer,
7523 {7523} Primeרָצַחratsach{raw-tsakh'}
A primitive root; properly to dash in pieces, that is, kill (a human being), especially to murder.
y310 [0310] Standardאַחַר'achar{akh-ar'}
From H0309; properly the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjugation, after (in various senses).
z8802 <8802> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851) Mood - Participle Active (See H8814) Count - 5386
while
3588 {3588} Primeכִּיkiy{kee}
A primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjugation or adverb; often largely modified by other particles annexed.
his heart
3824 {3824} Primeלֵבָבlebab{lay-bawb'}
From H3823; the heart (as the most interior organ); used also like H3820.
is hot,
3179 {3179} Primeיָחַםyacham{yaw-kham'}
A primitive root; Probably to be hot; figuratively to conceive.
z8799 <8799> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851) Mood - Imperfect (See H8811) Count - 19885
and overtake
5381 {5381} Primeנָשַׂגnasag{naw-sag'}
A primitive root; to reach (literally or figuratively).
z8689 <8689> Grammar
Stem - Hiphil (See H8818) Mood - Perfect (See H8816) Count - 2675
him, because
x3588 (3588) Complementכִּיkiy{kee}
A primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjugation or adverb; often largely modified by other particles annexed.
the way
1870 {1870} Primeדֶּרֶךְderek{deh'-rek}
From H1869; a road (as trodden); figuratively a course of life or mode of action, often adverbially.
is long,
7235 {7235} Primeרָבָהrabah{raw-baw'}
A primitive root; to increase (in whatever respect).
z8799 <8799> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851) Mood - Imperfect (See H8811) Count - 19885
and slay
5221 {5221} Primeנָכָהnakah{naw-kaw'}
A primitive root; to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively).
z8689 <8689> Grammar
Stem - Hiphil (See H8818) Mood - Perfect (See H8816) Count - 2675
him;
5315 {5315} Primeנֶפֶשׁnephesh{neh'-fesh}
From H5314; properly a breathing creature, that is, animal or (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or mental).
whereas he [ was] not
x369 (0369) Complementאַיִן'ayin{ah'-yin}
As if from a primitive root meaning to be nothing or not exist; a non-entity; generally used as a negative particle.
worthy
y4941 [4941] Standardמִשְׁפָּטmishpat{mish-pawt'}
From H8199; properly a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree (human or (particularly) divine law, individual or collectively), including the act, the place, the suit, the crime, and the penalty; abstractly justice, including a particular right, or privilege (statutory or customary), or even a style.
of death,
4194 {4194} Primeמָוֶתmaveth{maw'-veth}
From H4191; death (natural or violent); concretely the dead, their place or state ( hades); figuratively pestilence, ruin.
x4941 (4941) Complementמִשְׁפָּטmishpat{mish-pawt'}
From H8199; properly a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree (human or (particularly) divine law, individual or collectively), including the act, the place, the suit, the crime, and the penalty; abstractly justice, including a particular right, or privilege (statutory or customary), or even a style.
inasmuch as
3588 {3588} Primeכִּיkiy{kee}
A primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjugation or adverb; often largely modified by other particles annexed.
he
x1931 (1931) Complementהוּאhuw'{hoo}
The second form is the feminine beyond the Pentateuch; a primitive word, the third person pronoun singular, he ( she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demonstrative) this or that; occasionally (instead of copula) as or are.
hated
8130 {8130} Primeשָׂנֵאsane'{saw-nay'}
A primitive root; to hate (personally).
z8802 <8802> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851) Mood - Participle Active (See H8814) Count - 5386
him not
x3808 (3808) Complementלֹאlo'{lo}
lo; a primitive particle; not (the simple or abstract negation); by implication no; often used with other particles.
in time
y8543 [8543] Standardתְּמוֹלt@mowl{tem-ole'}
Probably for H0865; properly ago, that is, a (short or long) time since; especially yesterday, or (with H8032) day before yesterday.
x8032 (8032) Complementשִׁלְשׁוֹםshilshowm{shil-shome'}
From the same as H8028; trebly, that is, (in time) day before yesterday.
past.
y8032 [8032] Standardשִׁלְשׁוֹםshilshowm{shil-shome'}
From the same as H8028; trebly, that is, (in time) day before yesterday.
x4480 (4480) Complementמִןmin{min}
For H4482; properly a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses.
x8543 (8543) Complementתְּמוֹלt@mowl{tem-ole'}
Probably for H0865; properly ago, that is, a (short or long) time since; especially yesterday, or (with H8032) day before yesterday. |
Deuteronomy 19:6-7
_ _ Lest the avenger of the blood pursue the slayer, while his heart is hot — This verse is a continuation of Deuteronomy 19:3 (for Deuteronomy 19:4, Deuteronomy 19:5, which are explanatory, are in a parenthetical form), and the meaning is that if the kinsman of a person inadvertently killed should, under the impulse of sudden excitement and without inquiring into the circumstances, inflict summary vengeance on the homicide, however guiltless, the law tolerated such an act; it was to pass with impunity. But to prevent such precipitate measures, the cities of refuge were established for the reception of the homicide, that “innocent blood might not be shed in thy land” (Deuteronomy 19:10). In the case of premeditated murder (Deuteronomy 19:11, Deuteronomy 19:12), they afforded no immunity; but, if it were only manslaughter, the moment the fugitive was within the gates, he found himself in a safe asylum (Numbers 35:26-28; Joshua 20:6). |
- the avenger:
Numbers 35:12 And they shall be unto you cities for refuge from the avenger; that the manslayer die not, until he stand before the congregation in judgment.
Joshua 20:5 And if the avenger of blood pursue after him, then they shall not deliver the slayer up into his hand; because he smote his neighbour unwittingly, and hated him not beforetime.
2 Samuel 14:7 And, behold, the whole family is risen against thine handmaid, and they said, Deliver him that smote his brother, that we may kill him, for the life of his brother whom he slew; and we will destroy the heir also: and so they shall quench my coal which is left, and shall not leave to my husband [neither] name nor remainder upon the earth.
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- slay him:
- Heb. smite him in life
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- not worthy:
Deuteronomy 21:22 And if a man have committed a sin worthy of death, and he be to be put to death, and thou hang him on a tree:
Jeremiah 26:15-16 But know ye for certain, that if ye put me to death, ye shall surely bring innocent blood upon yourselves, and upon this city, and upon the inhabitants thereof: for of a truth the LORD hath sent me unto you to speak all these words in your ears. ... Then said the princes and all the people unto the priests and to the prophets; This man [is] not worthy to die: for he hath spoken to us in the name of the LORD our God.
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- in time past:
- Heb. from yesterday the third day,
Deuteronomy 19:4 And this [is] the case of the slayer, which shall flee thither, that he may live: Whoso killeth his neighbour ignorantly, whom he hated not in time past;
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