2 Samuel 23:13New American Standard Bible (NASB ©1995) [2]
— Then three of the thirty chief men went down and came to David in the harvest time to the cave of Adullam, while the troop of the Philistines was camping in the valley of Rephaim.
King James Version (KJV 1769) [2]
— And three of the thirty chief went down, and came to David in the harvest time unto the cave of Adullam: and the troop of the Philistines pitched in the valley of Rephaim.
English Revised Version (ERV 1885)
— And three of the thirty chief went down, and came to David in the harvest time unto the cave of Adullam; and the troop of the Philistines were encamped in the valley of Rephaim.
American Standard Version (ASV 1901) [2]
— And three of the thirty chief men went down, and came to David in the harvest time unto the cave of Adullam; and the troop of the Philistines was encamped in the valley of Rephaim.
Webster's Revision of the KJB (WEB 1833)
— And three of the thirty chiefs went down, and came to David in the harvest time to the cave of Adullam: and the troop of the Philistines encamped in the valley of Rephaim.
Darby's Translation (DBY 1890)
— And three of the thirty chiefs went down, and came to David in the harvest time to the cave of Adullam, when the troop of the Philistines was encamped in the valley of Rephaim.
Rotherham's Emphasized Bible (EBR 1902)
— And three of the thirty chiefs descended, and came in, towards harvest, unto David, unto the cave of Adullam,—although, a troop of Philistines, were encamped in the vale of Rephaim;
Young's Literal Translation (YLT 1898)
— And three of the thirty heads go down and come unto the harvest, unto David, unto the cave of Adullam, and the company of the Philistines are encamping in the valley of Rephaim,
Douay-Rheims Challoner Revision (DR 1750)
— Moreover also before this the three who were princes among the thirty, went down and came to David in the harvest time into the cave of Odollam: and the camp of the Philistines was in the valley of the giants.
Geneva Bible (GNV 1560)
— Afterward three of the thirtie captaines went downe, and came to Dauid in the haruest time vnto the caue of Adullam, and the hoste of the Philistims pitched in the valley of Rephaim.
Original King James Bible (AV 1611) [2]
— And three of the thirtie chiefe went downe and came to Dauid in the haruest time, vnto the caue of Adullam: and the troupe of the Philistines pitched in the valley of Rephaim.
Lamsa Bible (1957)
— And three of the valiant men went down and came to David in the harvest time to the cave of Arlam; and the Philistines' cattle were grazing in the Plain of Giants.
Brenton Greek Septuagint (LXX, Restored Names)
— And three out of the thirty went down, and came to Cason to David, to the cave of Adullam{gr.Odollam}; and [there was] an army of the Philistines, and they encamped in the valley of giants{gr.Raphain}.
Full Hebrew Names / Holy Name KJV (2008) [2] [3]
— And three of the thirty chief went down, and came to Dawid in the harvest time unto the cave of Adullam: and the troop of the Pelishtim pitched in the valley of Refaim. |
And three
7969 {7969} Primeשָׁלוֹשׁshalowsh{shaw-loshe'}
The last two forms being masculine; a primitive number; three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multiplicative) thrice.
z8675 <8675> Grammar
Kethiv Reading
Where the translators of the Authorised Version followed the qere reading rather than the kethiv.
y7970 [7970] Standardשְׁלוֹשִׁיםsh@lowshiym{shel-o-sheem'}
Multiple of H7969; thirty; or (ordinal) thirtieth.
of the thirty
7970 {7970} Primeשְׁלוֹשִׁיםsh@lowshiym{shel-o-sheem'}
Multiple of H7969; thirty; or (ordinal) thirtieth.
chief
7218 {7218} Primeרֹאשׁro'sh{roshe}
From an unused root apparently meaning to shake; the head (as most easily shaken), whether literally or figuratively (in many applications, of place, time, rank, etc.).
went down,
3381 {3381} Primeיָרַדyarad{yaw-rad'}
A primitive root; to descend (literally to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively to fall); causatively to bring down (in all the above applications).
z8799 <8799> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851) Mood - Imperfect (See H8811) Count - 19885
and came
935 {0935} Primeבּוֹאbow'{bo}
A primitive root; to go or come (in a wide variety of applications).
z8799 <8799> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851) Mood - Imperfect (See H8811) Count - 19885
to
x413 (0413) Complementאֵל'el{ale}
(Used only in the shortened constructive form (the second form)); a primitive particle, properly denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, that is, near, with or among; often in general, to.
Däwiđ
דָּוִד
1732 {1732} PrimeדָּוִדDavid{daw-veed'}
From the same as H1730; loving; David, the youngest son of Jesse.
in
x413 (0413) Complementאֵל'el{ale}
(Used only in the shortened constructive form (the second form)); a primitive particle, properly denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, that is, near, with or among; often in general, to.
the harvest time
7105 {7105} Primeקָצִירqatsiyr{kaw-tseer'}
From H7114; severed, that is, harvest (as reaped), the crop, the time, the reaper, or figuratively; also a limb (of a tree, or simply foliage).
unto
x413 (0413) Complementאֵל'el{ale}
(Used only in the shortened constructive form (the second form)); a primitive particle, properly denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, that is, near, with or among; often in general, to.
the cave
4631 {4631} Primeמְעָרָהm@`arah{meh-aw-raw'}
From H5783; a cavern (as dark).
of
`Áđulläm
עֲדֻלָּם:
5725 {5725} Primeעֲדֻלָּם`Adullam{ad-ool-lawm'}
Probably from the passive participle of the same as H5724; Adullam, a place in Palestine.
and the troop
2416 {2416} Primeחַיchay{khah'-ee}
From H2421; alive; hence raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or living thing), whether literally or figuratively.
of the
Pælištîm
פְּלִשׁתִּים
6430 {6430} PrimeפְּלִשְׁתִּיP@lishtiy{pel-ish-tee'}
Patrial from H6429; a Pelishtite or inhabitant of Pelesheth.
pitched
2583 {2583} Primeחָנָהchanah{khaw-naw'}
A primitive root (compare H2603); properly to incline; by implication to decline (of the slanting rays of evening); specifically to pitch a tent; generally to encamp (for abode or siege).
z8802 <8802> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851) Mood - Participle Active (See H8814) Count - 5386
in the valley
6010 {6010} Primeעֵמֶק`emeq{ay'-mek}
From H6009; a vale (that is, broad depression).
of
Ræfä´îm
רְפָאִים.
7497 {7497} Primeרָפָאrapha'{raw-faw'}
From H7495 in the sense of invigorating; a giant. |
- three:
- etc. or, the three captains over the thirty,
1 Chronicles 11:15-19 Now three of the thirty captains went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam; and the host of the Philistines encamped in the valley of Rephaim. ... And said, My God forbid it me, that I should do this thing: shall I drink the blood of these men that have put their lives in jeopardy? for with [the jeopardy of] their lives they brought it. Therefore he would not drink it. These things did these three mightiest.
Shalishim, "captains," should most probably be read, instead of shaloshimÌ thirty shalishim, as it is in
2 Samuel 23:8 These [be] the names of the mighty men whom David had: The Tachmonite that sat in the seat, chief among the captains; the same [was] Adino the Eznite: [he lift up his spear] against eight hundred, whom he slew at one time.
, and
Exodus 14:7 And he took six hundred chosen chariots, and all the chariots of Egypt, and captains over every one of them.
; where LXX render τριστατας, which Jerome (on
Ezekiel 33:1-33 Again the word of the LORD came unto me, saying, ... And when this cometh to pass, (lo, it will come,) then shall they know that a prophet hath been among them.
) says "among the Greeks is the name of the second rank after the royal dignity."
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- the cave:
Joshua 12:15 The king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;
Joshua 15:35 Jarmuth, and Adullam, Socoh, and Azekah,
1 Samuel 22:1 David therefore departed thence, and escaped to the cave Adullam: and when his brethren and all his father's house heard [it], they went down thither to him.
Micah 1:15 Yet will I bring an heir unto thee, O inhabitant of Mareshah: he shall come unto Adullam the glory of Israel.
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- the valley:
2 Samuel 5:18 The Philistines also came and spread themselves in the valley of Rephaim.
2 Samuel 5:22 And the Philistines came up yet again, and spread themselves in the valley of Rephaim.
1 Chronicles 11:15 Now three of the thirty captains went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam; and the host of the Philistines encamped in the valley of Rephaim.
1 Chronicles 14:9 And the Philistines came and spread themselves in the valley of Rephaim.
Isaiah 17:5 And it shall be as when the harvestman gathereth the corn, and reapeth the ears with his arm; and it shall be as he that gathereth ears in the valley of Rephaim.
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