Romans 5:12New American Standard Bible (NASB ©1995) [2]
— Therefore, just as through one man sin entered into the world, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men, because all sinned—
King James Version (KJV 1769) [2]
— Wherefore, as by one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned:
English Revised Version (ERV 1885)
— Therefore, as through one man sin entered into the world, and death through sin; and so death passed unto all men, for that all sinned:--
American Standard Version (ASV 1901) [2]
— Therefore, as through one man sin entered into the world, and death through sin; and so death passed unto all men, for that all sinned: --
Webster's Revision of the KJB (WEB 1833)
— Wherefore as by one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned.
Darby's Translation (DBY 1890)
— For this [cause], even as by one man sin entered into the world, and by sin death; and thus death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned:
Rotherham's Emphasized Bible (EBR 1902)
— For this cause,—just as, through one man, sin into the world entered, and through sin, death,—and, so, unto all men death passed through, for that all had sinned;—
Young's Literal Translation (YLT 1898)
— because of this, even as through one man the sin did enter into the world, and through the sin the death; and thus to all men the death did pass through, for that all did sin;
Douay-Rheims Challoner Revision (DR 1750)
— Wherefore as by one man sin entered into this world and by sin death: and so death passed upon all men, in whom all have sinned.
Geneva Bible (GNV 1560)
— Wherefore, as by one man sinne entred into ye world, ? death by sinne, and so death went ouer all men: in who all men haue sinned.
Original King James Bible (AV 1611) [2]
— Wherefore, as by one man sinne entred into the world, and death by sin: and so death passed vpon all men, for that all haue sinned.
Lamsa Bible (1957)
— Just as sin entered into the world by one man, and death by means of sin, so death was imposed upon all men, inasmuch as they all have sinned;
John Etheridge Peshitta-Aramaic NT (1849)
— As by one man sin entered into the world, and by sin death, so death hath passed upon all men through this, that all have sinned.
James Murdock Peshitta-Aramaic NT (1852)
— As by means of one man, sin entered into the world, and, by means of sin, death; and so death passed upon all the sons of men, inasmuch as they all have sinned: |
Wherefore,
1223 {1223} Primeδιάdia{dee-ah'}
A primary preposition denoting the channel of an act; through (in very wide applications, local, causal or occasional). In composition it retains the same general import.
5124 {5124} Primeτοῦτοtouto{too'-to}
Neuter, singular, nomitive or accusative of G3778; that thing.
as
5618 {5618} Primeὥσπερhosper{hoce'-per}
From G5613 and G4007; just as, that is, exactly like.
by
1223 {1223} Primeδιάdia{dee-ah'}
A primary preposition denoting the channel of an act; through (in very wide applications, local, causal or occasional). In composition it retains the same general import.
one
1520 {1520} Primeεἷςheis{hice}
(Including the neuter [etc.] ἕν [[hen]]); a primary numeral; one.
man
444 {0444} Primeἄνθρωποςanthropos{anth'-ro-pos}
From G0435 and ὤψ [[ops]] (the countenance; from G3700); manfaced, that is, a human being.
sin
266 {0266} Primeἁμαρτίαhamartia{ham-ar-tee'-ah}
From G0264; sin (properly abstract).
entered
1525 {1525} Primeεἰσέρχομαιeiserchomai{ice-er'-khom-ahee}
From G1519 and G2064; to enter (literally or figuratively).
z5627 <5627> Grammar
Tense - Second Aorist (See G5780) Voice - Active (See G5784) Mood - Indicative (See G5791) Count - 2138 plus 1 in a variant reading in a footnote
into
1519 {1519} Primeεἰςeis{ice}
A primary preposition; to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases.
the
x3588 (3588) Complementὁho{ho}
The masculine, feminine (second) and neuter (third) forms, in all their inflections; the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom).
world,
2889 {2889} Primeκόσμοςkosmos{kos'-mos}
Probably from the base of G2865; orderly arrangement, that is, decoration; by implication the world (in a wide or narrow sense, including its inhabitants, literally or figuratively [morally]).
and
2532 {2532} Primeκαίkai{kahee}
Apparently a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so, then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words.
death
2288 {2288} Primeθάνατοςthanatos{than'-at-os}
From G2348; (properly an adjective used as a noun) death (literally or figuratively).
by
1223 {1223} Primeδιάdia{dee-ah'}
A primary preposition denoting the channel of an act; through (in very wide applications, local, causal or occasional). In composition it retains the same general import.
sin;
266 {0266} Primeἁμαρτίαhamartia{ham-ar-tee'-ah}
From G0264; sin (properly abstract).
and
2532 {2532} Primeκαίkai{kahee}
Apparently a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so, then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words.
so
3779 {3779} Primeοὕτωhouto{hoo'-to}
From G3778; in this way (referring to what precedes or follows).
death
2288 {2288} Primeθάνατοςthanatos{than'-at-os}
From G2348; (properly an adjective used as a noun) death (literally or figuratively).
passed
1330 {1330} Primeδιέρχομαιdierchomai{dee-er'-khom-ahee}
From G1223 and G2064; to traverse (literally).
z5627 <5627> Grammar
Tense - Second Aorist (See G5780) Voice - Active (See G5784) Mood - Indicative (See G5791) Count - 2138 plus 1 in a variant reading in a footnote
upon
1519 {1519} Primeεἰςeis{ice}
A primary preposition; to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases.
all
3956 {3956} Primeπᾶςpas{pas}
Including all the forms of declension; apparently a primary word; all, any, every, the whole.
men,
444 {0444} Primeἄνθρωποςanthropos{anth'-ro-pos}
From G0435 and ὤψ [[ops]] (the countenance; from G3700); manfaced, that is, a human being.
for
1909 {1909} Primeἐπίepi{ep-ee'}
A primary preposition properly meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution [with the genitive case], that is, over, upon, etc.; of rest (with the dative case) at, on, etc.; of direction (with the accusative case) towards, upon, etc.
that
3739 {3739} Primeὅςhos{hos}
Probably a primary word (or perhaps a form of the article G3588); the relative (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that.
all
3956 {3956} Primeπᾶςpas{pas}
Including all the forms of declension; apparently a primary word; all, any, every, the whole.
have sinned:
264 {0264} Primeἁμαρτάνωhamartano{ham-ar-tan'-o}
Perhaps from G0001 (as a negative particle) and the base of G3313; properly to miss the mark (and so not share in the prize), that is, (figuratively) to err, especially (morally) to sin.
z5627 <5627> Grammar
Tense - Second Aorist (See G5780) Voice - Active (See G5784) Mood - Indicative (See G5791) Count - 2138 plus 1 in a variant reading in a footnote |
Romans 5:12
_ _ Romans 5:12-21. Comparison and contrast between Adam and Christ in their relation to the human family.
_ _ (This profound and most weighty section has occasioned an immense deal of critical and theological discussion, in which every point, and almost every clause, has been contested. We can here but set down what appears to us to be the only tenable view of it as a whole and of its successive clauses, with some slight indication of the grounds of our judgment).
_ _ Wherefore — that is, Things being so; referring back to the whole preceding argument.
_ _ as by one man — Adam.
_ _ sin — considered here in its guilt, criminality, penal desert.
_ _ entered into the world, and death by sin — as the penalty of sin.
_ _ and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned — rather, “all sinned,” that is, in that one man’s first sin. Thus death reaches every individual of the human family, as the penalty due to himself. (So, in substance, Bengel, Hodge, Philippi). Here we should have expected the apostle to finish his sentence, in some such way as this: “Even so, by one man righteousness has entered into the world, and life by righteousness.” But, instead of this, we have a digression, extending to five verses, to illustrate the important statement of Romans 5:12; and it is only at Romans 5:18 that the comparison is resumed and finished. |
Romans 5:12
Therefore — This refers to all the preceding discourse; from which the apostle infers what follows. He does not therefore properly make a digression, but returns to speak again of sin and of righteousness. As by one man — Adam; who is mentioned, and not Eve, as being the representative of mankind. Sin entered into the world — Actual sin, and its consequence, a sinful nature. And death — With all its attendants. It entered into the world when it entered into being; for till then it did not exist. By sin — Therefore it could not enter before sin. Even so — Namely, by one man. In that — So the word is used also, 2 Corinthians 5:4. All sinned — In Adam. These words assign the reason why death came upon all men; infants themselves not excepted, in that all sinned. |
Romans 5:12
(10) Wherefore, as by (l) one man (m) sin entered into the world, and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, (n) for that all have sinned:
(10) From Adam, in whom all have sinned, both guiltiness and death (which is the punishment of the guiltiness) came upon all.
(l) By Adam, who is compared with Christ, and similar to him in this, that both of them make those who are theirs partakers of that which they have: but they are not the same in this, that Adam derives sin into them that are his, even into their very nature, and that to death: but Christ makes them that are his partakers of his righteousness by grace, and that to life.
(m) By sin is meant that disease which is ours by inheritance, and men commonly call it original sin: for so he calls that sin in the singular number, whereas if he speaks of the fruits of it, he uses the plural number, calling them sins.
(n) That is, in Adam. |
- as by:
Romans 5:19 For as by one man's disobedience many were made sinners, so by the obedience of one shall many be made righteous.
Genesis 3:6 And when the woman saw that the tree [was] good for food, and that it [was] pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to be desired to make [one] wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat, and gave also unto her husband with her; and he did eat.
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- and death:
Romans 6:23 For the wages of sin [is] death; but the gift of God [is] eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.
Genesis 2:17 But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die.
Genesis 3:19 In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken: for dust thou [art], and unto dust shalt thou return.
Genesis 3:22-24 And the LORD God said, Behold, the man is become as one of us, to know good and evil: and now, lest he put forth his hand, and take also of the tree of life, and eat, and live for ever: ... So he drove out the man; and he placed at the east of the garden of Eden Cherubims, and a flaming sword which turned every way, to keep the way of the tree of life.
Ezekiel 18:4 Behold, all souls are mine; as the soul of the father, so also the soul of the son is mine: the soul that sinneth, it shall die.
1 Corinthians 15:21 For since by man [came] death, by man [came] also the resurrection of the dead.
James 1:15 Then when lust hath conceived, it bringeth forth sin: and sin, when it is finished, bringeth forth death.
Revelation 20:14-15 And death and hell were cast into the lake of fire. This is the second death. ... And whosoever was not found written in the book of life was cast into the lake of fire.
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- all:
Romans 3:23 For all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God;
James 3:2 For in many things we offend all. If any man offend not in word, the same [is] a perfect man, [and] able also to bridle the whole body.
1 John 1:8-10 If we say that we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us. ... If we say that we have not sinned, we make him a liar, and his word is not in us.
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