Revelation 18:12New American Standard Bible (NASB ©1995) [2]
— cargoes of gold and silver and precious stones and pearls and fine linen and purple and silk and scarlet, and every [kind of] citron wood and every article of ivory and every article [made] from very costly wood and bronze and iron and marble,
King James Version (KJV 1769) [2]
— The merchandise of gold, and silver, and precious stones, and of pearls, and fine linen, and purple, and silk, and scarlet, and all thyine wood, and all manner vessels of ivory, and all manner vessels of most precious wood, and of brass, and iron, and marble,
English Revised Version (ERV 1885)
— merchandise of gold, and silver, and precious stone, and pearls, and fine linen, and purple, and silk, and scarlet; and all thyine wood, and every vessel of ivory, and every vessel made of most precious wood, and of brass, and iron, and marble;
American Standard Version (ASV 1901) [2]
— merchandise of gold, and silver, and precious stone, and pearls, and fine linen, and purple, and silk, and scarlet; and all thyine wood, and every vessel of ivory, and every vessel made of most precious wood, and of brass, and iron, and marble;
Webster's Revision of the KJB (WEB 1833)
— The merchandise of gold, and silver, and precious stones, and of pearls, and fine linen, and purple, and silk, and scarlet, and all thyine wood, and all vessels of ivory, and all vessels of most precious wood, and of brass, and iron, and marble,
Darby's Translation (DBY 1890)
— lading of gold, and silver, and precious stones, and pearl, and fine linen, and purple, and silk, and scarlet dye, and all thyine wood, and every article in ivory, and every article in most precious wood, and in brass, and in iron, and in marble,
Rotherham's Emphasized Bible (EBR 1902)
— cargo of gold, and silver, and precious stone, and pearls, and fine linen, and purple, and silk, and scarlet, and all thyine wood, and every article of ivory, and every article of wood most precious, and of copper, and of iron, and of marble,
Young's Literal Translation (YLT 1898)
— lading of gold, and silver, and precious stone, and pearl, and fine linen, and purple, and silk, and scarlet, and all thyine wood, and every vessel of ivory, and every vessel of most precious wood, and brass, and iron, and marble,
Douay-Rheims Challoner Revision (DR 1750)
— Merchandise of gold and silver and precious stones: and of pearls and fine linen and purple and silk and scarlet: and all thyine wood: and all manner of vessels of ivory: and all manner of vessels of precious stone and of brass and of iron and of marble:
Geneva Bible (GNV 1560)
— The ware of golde, and siluer, and of precious stone, and of pearles, and of fine linnen, and of purple, and of silke, and of skarlet, and of all maner of Thyne wood, and of all vessels of yuorie, and of all vessels of most precious wood, and of brasse, and of yron, and of marble,
Original King James Bible (AV 1611) [2]
— The merchandise of gold, and siluer, and pretious stones, and of pearles, and fine linnen, and purple, and silke, and scarlet, and all Thine wood, and all maner vessels of Yuorie, and all maner vessels of most precious wood, and of brasse, and iron, and marble,
Lamsa Bible (1957)
— Never again will there be cargoes of gold and silver and precious stones, and pearls and fine linen and purple and silk and scarlet and every kind of aromatic wood, and all manner of vessels of ivory, and all manner of vessels of most precious wood, and of brass and iron and marble
John Etheridge Peshitta-Aramaic NT (1849)
— No more (shall there be in thee) the burden of gold, and of silver and of precious stones, and of pearls; and of fine linen, and of purple, and of silk and scarlet; and of every aromatic wood, and every vessel of elephant's-tooth, and every vessel of wood of great price, and of brass and of iron and of marble;
James Murdock Peshitta-Aramaic NT (1852)
— no more, the cargo of gold, and silver, and precious stones, and pearls, and fine linen, and purple, and silk, and scarlet, and every aromatic wood, and all vessels of ivory, and all vessels of very precious wood, and of brass, and of iron, and of marble, |
The merchandise
1117 {1117} Primeγόμοςgomos{gom'-os}
From G1073; a load (as filling), that is, (specifically) a cargo, or (by extension) wares.
of gold,
5557 {5557} Primeχρυσόςchrusos{khroo-sos'}
Perhaps from the base of G5530 (through the idea of the utility of the metal); gold; by extension a golden article, as an ornament or coin.
and
2532 {2532} Primeκαίkai{kahee}
Apparently a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so, then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words.
silver,
696 {0696} Primeἄργυροςarguros{ar'-goo-ros}
From ἀργός [[argos]] ( shining); silver (the metal, in the articles or coin).
and
2532 {2532} Primeκαίkai{kahee}
Apparently a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so, then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words.
precious
5093 {5093} Primeτίμιοςtimios{tim'-ee-os}
Including the comparative τίμιώτερος [[timioteros]], {tim-ee-o'-ter-os}; and the superlative τίμιώτατος [[timiotatos]], {tim-ee-o'-tat-os}; from G5092; valuable, that is, (objectively) costly, or (subjectively) honored, esteemed, or (figuratively) beloved.
stones,
3037 {3037} Primeλίθοςlithos{lee'-thos}
Apparently a primary word; a stone (literally or figuratively).
and
2532 {2532} Primeκαίkai{kahee}
Apparently a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so, then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words.
of pearls,
3135 {3135} Primeμαργαρίτηςmargarites{mar-gar-ee'-tace}
From μάργαρος [[margaros]] (a pearl oyster); a pearl.
and
2532 {2532} Primeκαίkai{kahee}
Apparently a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so, then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words.
fine linen,
1040 {1040} Primeβύσσοςbussos{boos'-sos}
Of Hebrew origin [ H0948]; white linen.
and
2532 {2532} Primeκαίkai{kahee}
Apparently a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so, then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words.
purple,
4209 {4209} Primeπορφύραporphura{por-foo'-rah}
Of Latin origin; the 'purple' mussel, that is, (by implication) the red blue color itself, and finally, a garment dyed with it.
and
2532 {2532} Primeκαίkai{kahee}
Apparently a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so, then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words.
silk,
4596 {4596} Primeσηρικόςserikos{say-ree-kos'}
From Σήρ [[Ser]] (an Indian tribe from whom silk was procured; hence the name of the silkworm); Seric, that is, silken (neuter as noun, a silky fabric).
and
2532 {2532} Primeκαίkai{kahee}
Apparently a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so, then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words.
scarlet,
2847 {2847} Primeκόκκινοςkokkinos{kok'-kee-nos}
From G2848 (from the kernel shape of the insect); crimson colored.
and
2532 {2532} Primeκαίkai{kahee}
Apparently a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so, then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words.
all
3956 {3956} Primeπᾶςpas{pas}
Including all the forms of declension; apparently a primary word; all, any, every, the whole.
thyine
2367 {2367} Primeθύϊνοςthuinos{thoo'-ee-nos}
From a derivative of G2380 (in the sense of blowing; denoting a certain fragrant tree); made of citron wood.
wood,
3586 {3586} Primeξύλονxulon{xoo'-lon}
From another form of the base of G3582; timber (as fuel or material); by implication a stick, club or tree or other wooden article or substance.
and
2532 {2532} Primeκαίkai{kahee}
Apparently a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so, then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words.
all manner
3956 {3956} Primeπᾶςpas{pas}
Including all the forms of declension; apparently a primary word; all, any, every, the whole.
vessels
4632 {4632} Primeσκεῦοςskeuos{skyoo'-os}
Of uncertain affinity; a vessel, implement, equipment or apparatus (literally or figuratively [specifically a wife as contributing to the usefulness of the husband]).
of ivory,
1661 {1661} Primeἐλεφάντινοςelephantinos{el-ef-an'-tee-nos}
From ἔλεφας [[elephas]] (an 'elephant'); elephantine, that is, (by implication) composed of ivory.
and
2532 {2532} Primeκαίkai{kahee}
Apparently a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so, then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words.
all manner
3956 {3956} Primeπᾶςpas{pas}
Including all the forms of declension; apparently a primary word; all, any, every, the whole.
vessels
4632 {4632} Primeσκεῦοςskeuos{skyoo'-os}
Of uncertain affinity; a vessel, implement, equipment or apparatus (literally or figuratively [specifically a wife as contributing to the usefulness of the husband]).
of
1537 {1537} Primeἐκek{ek}
A primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence motion or action proceeds), from, out (of place, time or cause; literally or figuratively; direct or remote).
most precious
5093 {5093} Primeτίμιοςtimios{tim'-ee-os}
Including the comparative τίμιώτερος [[timioteros]], {tim-ee-o'-ter-os}; and the superlative τίμιώτατος [[timiotatos]], {tim-ee-o'-tat-os}; from G5092; valuable, that is, (objectively) costly, or (subjectively) honored, esteemed, or (figuratively) beloved.
wood,
3586 {3586} Primeξύλονxulon{xoo'-lon}
From another form of the base of G3582; timber (as fuel or material); by implication a stick, club or tree or other wooden article or substance.
and
2532 {2532} Primeκαίkai{kahee}
Apparently a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so, then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words.
of brass,
5475 {5475} Primeχαλκόςchalkos{khal-kos'}
Perhaps from G5465 through the idea of hollowing out as a vessel (this metal being chiefly used for that purpose); copper (the substance, or some implement or coin made of it).
and
2532 {2532} Primeκαίkai{kahee}
Apparently a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so, then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words.
iron,
4604 {4604} Primeσίδηροςsideros{sid'-ay-ros}
Of uncertain derivation; iron.
and
2532 {2532} Primeκαίkai{kahee}
Apparently a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so, then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words.
marble,
3139 {3139} Primeμάρμαροςmarmaros{mar'-mar-os}
From μαρμαίρω [[marmairo]] (to glisten); marble (as sparkling white). |
Revelation 18:12
_ _ (See on Revelation 17:4).
_ _ stones ... pearls — Greek, “stone ... pearl.”
_ _ fine linen — A, B, and C read Greek, “bussinou” for “bussou,” that is, “fine linen manufacture” [Alford]. The manufacture for which Egypt (the type of the apostate Church, Revelation 11:8) was famed. Contrast “the fine linen” (Ezekiel 16:10) put on Israel, and on the New Testament Church (Revelation 19:8), the Bride, by God (Psalms 132:9).
_ _ thyine wood — the citrus of the Romans: probably the cypressus thyoyides, or the thuia articulata. “Citron wood” [Alford]. A sweet-smelling tree of Cyrene in Lybia, used for incense.
_ _ all manner vessels — Greek, “every vessel,” or “furniture.” |
Revelation 18:12
Merchandise of gold, &c. — Almost all these are still in use at Rome, both in their idolatrous service, and in common life. Fine linen — The sort of it mentioned in the original is exceeding costly. Thyine wood — A sweet — smelling wood not unlike citron, used in adorning magnificent palaces. Vessels of most precious wood — Ebony, in particular, which is often mentioned with ivory: the one excelling in whiteness, the other in blackness; and both in uncommon smoothness. |
- merchandise:
Revelation 17:4 And the woman was arrayed in purple and scarlet colour, and decked with gold and precious stones and pearls, having a golden cup in her hand full of abominations and filthiness of her fornication:
1 Kings 10:11-12 And the navy also of Hiram, that brought gold from Ophir, brought in from Ophir great plenty of almug trees, and precious stones. ... And the king made of the almug trees pillars for the house of the LORD, and for the king's house, harps also and psalteries for singers: there came no such almug trees, nor were seen unto this day.
Proverbs 8:10-11 Receive my instruction, and not silver; and knowledge rather than choice gold. ... For wisdom [is] better than rubies; and all the things that may be desired are not to be compared to it.
Ezekiel 27:5-25 They have made all thy [ship] boards of fir trees of Senir: they have taken cedars from Lebanon to make masts for thee. ... The ships of Tarshish did sing of thee in thy market: and thou wast replenished, and made very glorious in the midst of the seas.
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- thyine:
- or, sweet,
1 Kings 10:11 And the navy also of Hiram, that brought gold from Ophir, brought in from Ophir great plenty of almug trees, and precious stones.
2 Chronicles 2:8 Send me also cedar trees, fir trees, and algum trees, out of Lebanon: for I know that thy servants can skill to cut timber in Lebanon; and, behold, my servants [shall be] with thy servants,
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