Lamentations 1:3New American Standard Bible (NASB ©1995) [2]
— Judah has gone into exile under affliction And under harsh servitude; She dwells among the nations, [But] she has found no rest; All her pursuers have overtaken her In the midst of distress.
King James Version (KJV 1769) [2]
— Judah is gone into captivity because of affliction, and because of great servitude: she dwelleth among the heathen, she findeth no rest: all her persecutors overtook her between the straits.
English Revised Version (ERV 1885)
— Judah is gone into captivity because of affliction, and because of great servitude; she dwelleth among the heathen, she findeth no rest: all her persecutors overtook her within the straits.
American Standard Version (ASV 1901) [2]
— Judah is gone into captivity because of affliction, and because of great servitude; She dwelleth among the nations, she findeth no rest: All her persecutors overtook her within the straits.
Webster's Revision of the KJB (WEB 1833)
— Judah is gone into captivity because of affliction, and because of great servitude: she dwelleth among the heathen, she findeth no rest: all her persecutors overtook her between the straits.
Darby's Translation (DBY 1890)
— Judah is gone into captivity because of affliction, and because of great servitude; she dwelleth among the nations, she findeth no rest: all her pursuers have overtaken her within the straits.
Rotherham's Emphasized Bible (EBR 1902)
— Carried away captive is Judah—because of oppression, and because of great servitude, She, hath remained among the nations, hath found no place of rest,—All her pursuers, have overtaken her, between straits.
Young's Literal Translation (YLT 1898)
— Removed hath Judah because of affliction, And because of the abundance of her service; She hath dwelt among nations, She hath not found rest, All her pursuers have overtaken her between the straits.
Douay-Rheims Challoner Revision (DR 1750)
— Ghimel. Juda hath removed her dwelling place, because of her affliction, and the greatness of her bondage; she hath dwelt among the nations, and she hath found no rest; all her persecutors have taken her in the midst of straits.
Geneva Bible (GNV 1560)
— Iudah is caried away captiue because of affliction, and because of great seruitude: shee dwelleth among the heathen, and findeth no rest: all her persecuters tooke her in the straites.
Original King James Bible (AV 1611) [2]
— Iudah is gone into captiuitie, because of affliction, and because of great seruitude: she dwelleth among the heathen, she findeth no rest: all her persecutors ouertook her betweene the straits.
Lamsa Bible (1957)
— Judah is gone into captivity because of affliction and because of great servitude; she dwells among the Gentiles, she finds no rest; all her pursuers overtook her in the midst of her affliction.
Brenton Greek Septuagint (LXX, Restored Names)
— GIMEL. Judah{gr.Judea} is gone into captivity by reason of her affliction, and by reason of the abundance of her servitude: she dwells among the nations, she has not found rest: all her pursuers have overtaken her between her oppressors.
Full Hebrew Names / Holy Name KJV (2008) [2] [3]
— Yehudah is gone into captivity because of affliction, and because of great servitude: she dwelleth among the heathen, she findeth no rest: all her persecutors overtook her between the straits. |
Yæhûđà
יְהוּדָה
3063 {3063} PrimeיְהוּדָהY@huwdah{yeh-hoo-daw'}
From H3034; celebrated; Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory.
is gone into captivity
1540 {1540} Primeגָּלַהgalah{gaw-law'}
A primitive root; to denude (especially in a disgraceful sense); by implication to exile (captives being usually stripped); figuratively to reveal.
z8804 <8804> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851) Mood - Perfect (See H8816) Count - 12562
because of affliction,
6040 {6040} Primeעֳנִי`oniy{on-ee'}
From H6031; depression, that is, misery.
x4480 (4480) Complementמִןmin{min}
For H4482; properly a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses.
and because of great
7230 {7230} Primeרֹבrob{robe}
From H7231; abundance (in any respect).
x4480 (4480) Complementמִןmin{min}
For H4482; properly a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses.
servitude:
5656 {5656} Primeעֲבֹדָה`abodah{ab-o-daw'}
From H5647; work of any kind.
she
x1931 (1931) Complementהוּאhuw'{hoo}
The second form is the feminine beyond the Pentateuch; a primitive word, the third person pronoun singular, he ( she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demonstrative) this or that; occasionally (instead of copula) as or are.
dwelleth
3427 {3427} Primeיָשַׁבyashab{yaw-shab'}
A primitive root; properly to sit down (specifically as judge, in ambush, in quiet); by implication to dwell, to remain; causatively to settle, to marry.
z8804 <8804> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851) Mood - Perfect (See H8816) Count - 12562
among the heathen,
1471 {1471} Primeגּוֹיgowy{go'-ee}
Apparently from the same root as H1465 (in the sense of massing); a foreign nation; hence a Gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts.
she findeth
4672 {4672} Primeמָצָאmatsa'{maw-tsaw'}
A primitive root; properly to come forth to, that is, appear or exist; transitively to attain, that is, find or acquire; figuratively to occur, meet or be present.
z8804 <8804> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851) Mood - Perfect (See H8816) Count - 12562
no
x3808 (3808) Complementלֹאlo'{lo}
lo; a primitive particle; not (the simple or abstract negation); by implication no; often used with other particles.
rest:
4494 {4494} Primeמָנוֹחַmanowach{maw-no'-akh}
From H5117; quiet, that is, (concretely) a settled spot, or (figuratively) a home.
all
x3605 (3605) Complementכֹּלkol{kole}
From H3634; properly the whole; hence all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense).
her persecutors
7291 {7291} Primeרָדַףradaph{raw-daf'}
A primitive root; to run after (usually with hostile intent; figuratively (of time) gone by).
z8802 <8802> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851) Mood - Participle Active (See H8814) Count - 5386
overtook
5381 {5381} Primeנָשַׂגnasag{naw-sag'}
A primitive root; to reach (literally or figuratively).
z8689 <8689> Grammar
Stem - Hiphil (See H8818) Mood - Perfect (See H8816) Count - 2675
her between
x996 (0996) Complementבַּיִןbeyn{bane}
(Sometimes in the plural masculine or feminine); properly the constructively contracted form of an otherwise unused noun from H0995; a distinction; but used only as a preposition, between (repeated before each noun, often with other particles); also as a conjugation, either... or.
the straits.
4712 {4712} Primeמֵצַרmetsar{may-tsar'}
From H6896; something tight, that is, (figuratively) trouble. |
Lamentations 1:3
Gimel
_ _ (Jeremiah 52:27).
_ _ because of great servitude — that is, in a state “of great servitude,” endured from the Chaldeans. “Because” is made by Vatablus indicative of the cause of her captivity; namely, her having “afflicted” and unjustly brought into “servitude” the manumitted bond-servants (Jeremiah 34:8-22). Maurer explains it, “Judah has left her land (not literally ‘gone into captivity’) because of the yoke imposed on it by Nebuchadnezzar.”
_ _ no rest — (Deuteronomy 28:64, Deuteronomy 28:65).
_ _ overtook her between ... straits — image from robbers, who in the East intercept travelers at the narrow passes in hilly regions. |
Lamentations 1:3
Because — Because of the servitude and oppression exercised among them: oppression by their rulers, and servitude more generally; keeping their servants beyond the year of jubilee, when they ought to be set at liberty. The straits — Those that pursued them overtook them in places where they could not escape. |
Lamentations 1:3
Judah is gone into captivity because (e) of affliction, and because of great servitude: she dwelleth among the nations, she findeth no rest: all her persecutors overtook her in the midst of distress.
(e) For her cruelty toward the poor and oppression of servants, (Jeremiah 34:11). |
- gone:
2 Kings 24:14-15 And he carried away all Jerusalem, and all the princes, and all the mighty men of valour, [even] ten thousand captives, and all the craftsmen and smiths: none remained, save the poorest sort of the people of the land. ... And he carried away Jehoiachin to Babylon, and the king's mother, and the king's wives, and his officers, and the mighty of the land, [those] carried he into captivity from Jerusalem to Babylon.
2 Kings 25:11 Now the rest of the people [that were] left in the city, and the fugitives that fell away to the king of Babylon, with the remnant of the multitude, did Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard carry away.
2 Kings 25:21 And the king of Babylon smote them, and slew them at Riblah in the land of Hamath. So Judah was carried away out of their land.
2 Chronicles 36:20-21 And them that had escaped from the sword carried he away to Babylon; where they were servants to him and his sons until the reign of the kingdom of Persia: ... To fulfil the word of the LORD by the mouth of Jeremiah, until the land had enjoyed her sabbaths: [for] as long as she lay desolate she kept sabbath, to fulfil threescore and ten years.
Jeremiah 39:9 Then Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard carried away captive into Babylon the remnant of the people that remained in the city, and those that fell away, that fell to him, with the rest of the people that remained.
Jeremiah 52:15 Then Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard carried away captive [certain] of the poor of the people, and the residue of the people that remained in the city, and those that fell away, that fell to the king of Babylon, and the rest of the multitude.
Jeremiah 52:27-30 And the king of Babylon smote them, and put them to death in Riblah in the land of Hamath. Thus Judah was carried away captive out of his own land. ... In the three and twentieth year of Nebuchadrezzar Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard carried away captive of the Jews seven hundred forty and five persons: all the persons [were] four thousand and six hundred.
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- because of great servitude:
- Heb. for the greatness of servitude
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- she:
Lamentations 2:9 Her gates are sunk into the ground; he hath destroyed and broken her bars: her king and her princes [are] among the Gentiles: the law [is] no [more]; her prophets also find no vision from the LORD.
Leviticus 26:36-39 And upon them that are left [alive] of you I will send a faintness into their hearts in the lands of their enemies; and the sound of a shaken leaf shall chase them; and they shall flee, as fleeing from a sword; and they shall fall when none pursueth. ... And they that are left of you shall pine away in their iniquity in your enemies' lands; and also in the iniquities of their fathers shall they pine away with them.
Deuteronomy 28:64-67 And the LORD shall scatter thee among all people, from the one end of the earth even unto the other; and there thou shalt serve other gods, which neither thou nor thy fathers have known, [even] wood and stone. ... In the morning thou shalt say, Would God it were even! and at even thou shalt say, Would God it were morning! for the fear of thine heart wherewith thou shalt fear, and for the sight of thine eyes which thou shalt see.
Jeremiah 24:9 And I will deliver them to be removed into all the kingdoms of the earth for [their] hurt, [to be] a reproach and a proverb, a taunt and a curse, in all places whither I shall drive them.
Ezekiel 5:12 A third part of thee shall die with the pestilence, and with famine shall they be consumed in the midst of thee: and a third part shall fall by the sword round about thee; and I will scatter a third part into all the winds, and I will draw out a sword after them.
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- all:
Lamentations 4:18-19 They hunt our steps, that we cannot go in our streets: our end is near, our days are fulfilled; for our end is come. ... Our persecutors are swifter than the eagles of the heaven: they pursued us upon the mountains, they laid wait for us in the wilderness.
Jeremiah 16:16 Behold, I will send for many fishers, saith the LORD, and they shall fish them; and after will I send for many hunters, and they shall hunt them from every mountain, and from every hill, and out of the holes of the rocks.
Jeremiah 52:8 But the army of the Chaldeans pursued after the king, and overtook Zedekiah in the plains of Jericho; and all his army was scattered from him.
Amos 9:1-4 I saw the Lord standing upon the altar: and he said, Smite the lintel of the door, that the posts may shake: and cut them in the head, all of them; and I will slay the last of them with the sword: he that fleeth of them shall not flee away, and he that escapeth of them shall not be delivered. ... And though they go into captivity before their enemies, thence will I command the sword, and it shall slay them: and I will set mine eyes upon them for evil, and not for good.
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