Jeremiah 7:18New American Standard Bible (NASB ©1995) [2]
— “The children gather wood, and the fathers kindle the fire, and the women knead dough to make cakes for the queen of heaven; and [they] pour out drink offerings to other gods in order to spite Me.
King James Version (KJV 1769) [2]
— The children gather wood, and the fathers kindle the fire, and the women knead [their] dough, to make cakes to the queen of heaven, and to pour out drink offerings unto other gods, that they may provoke me to anger.
English Revised Version (ERV 1885)
— The children gather wood, and the fathers kindle the fire, and the women knead the dough, to make cakes to the queen of heaven, and to pour out drink offerings unto other gods, that they may provoke me to anger.
American Standard Version (ASV 1901) [2]
— The children gather wood, and the fathers kindle the fire, and the women knead the dough, to make cakes to the queen of heaven, and to pour out drink-offerings unto other gods, that they may provoke me to anger.
Webster's Revision of the KJB (WEB 1833)
— The children gather wood, and the fathers kindle the fire, and the women knead dough, to make cakes to the queen of heaven, and to pour out drink-offerings to other gods, that they may provoke me to anger.
Darby's Translation (DBY 1890)
— The children gather wood, and the fathers kindle the fire, and the women knead dough, to make cakes to the queen of heaven, and to pour out drink-offerings unto other gods, that they may provoke me to anger.
Rotherham's Emphasized Bible (EBR 1902)
— The children, gather wood, and, The fathers, kindle the fire, and, The women, knead dough,—To make sacrificial cakes, to the queen of the heavens, And to pour out drink-offerings, to other, gods, Provoking me to anger!
Young's Literal Translation (YLT 1898)
— The sons are gathering wood, And the fathers are causing the fire to burn, And the women are kneading dough, To make cakes to the queen of the heavens, And to pour out libations to other gods, So as to provoke Me to anger.
Douay-Rheims Challoner Revision (DR 1750)
— The children gather wood, and the fathers kindle the fire, and the women knead the dough, to make cakes to the queen of heaven, and to offer libations to strange gods, and to provoke me to anger.
Geneva Bible (GNV 1560)
— The children gather wood, ? the fathers kindle the fire, and the women knede the dough to make cakes to the Queene of heauen and to powre out drinke offrings vnto other gods, that they may prouoke me vnto anger.
Original King James Bible (AV 1611) [2]
— The children gather wood, and the fathers kindle the fire, & the women knead their dough to make cakes to the Queene of heauen, and to powre out drinke offerings vnto other gods, that they may prouoke me to anger.
Lamsa Bible (1957)
— The children gather wood and the fathers kindle the fire and the women knead dough to make cakes to the queen of heaven and they pour out drink offerings to other gods, that they may provoke me to anger.
Brenton Greek Septuagint (LXX, Restored Names)
— Their children gather wood, and their fathers kindle a fire, and their women knead dough, to make cakes to the host of heaven; and they have poured out drink-offerings to strange gods, that they might provoke me to anger.
Full Hebrew Names / Holy Name KJV (2008) [2] [3]
— The children gather wood, and the fathers kindle the fire, and the women knead [their] dough, to make cakes to the queen of heaven, and to pour out drink offerings unto other elohim, that they may provoke me to anger. |
The children
1121 {1121} Primeבֵּןben{bane}
From H1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like H0001, H0251, etc.).
gather
3950 {3950} Primeלקטlaqat{law-kat'}
A primitive root; properly to pick up, that is, (generally) to gather; specifically to glean.
z8764 <8764> Grammar
Stem - Piel (See H8840) Mood - Participle (See H8813) Count - 685
wood,
6086 {6086} Primeעֵץ`ets{ates}
From H6095; a tree (from its firmness); hence wood (plural sticks).
and the fathers
1 {0001} Primeאָב'ab{awb}
A primitive word; father in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application.
kindle
1197 {1197} Primeבָּעַרba`ar{baw-ar'}
A primitive root; to kindle, that is, consume (by fire or by eating); also (as denominative from H1198) to be ( become) brutish.
z8764 <8764> Grammar
Stem - Piel (See H8840) Mood - Participle (See H8813) Count - 685
x853 (0853) Complementאֵת'eth{ayth}
Apparently contracted from H0226 in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely).
the fire,
784 {0784} Primeאֵשׁ'esh{aysh}
A primitive word; fire (literally or figuratively).
and the women
802 {0802} Primeאִשָּׁה'ishshah{ish-shaw'}
The first form is the feminine of H0376 or H0582; the second form is an irregular plural; a woman (used in the same wide sense as H0582).
knead
3888 {3888} Primeלוּשׁluwsh{loosh}
A primitive root; to knead.
z8802 <8802> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851) Mood - Participle Active (See H8814) Count - 5386
[ their] dough,
1217 {1217} Primeבָּצֵקbatseq{baw-tsake'}
From H1216; dough (as swelling by fermentation).
to make
6213 {6213} Primeעָשָׂה`asah{aw-saw'}
A primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application.
z8800 <8800> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851) Mood - Infinitive (See H8812) Count - 4888
cakes
3561 {3561} Primeכַּוָּןkavvan{kav-vawn'}
From H3559; something prepared, that is, a sacrificial wafer.
to the queen
4446 {4446} Primeמְלֶכֶתm@leketh{mel-eh'-keth}
From H4427; a queen.
of heaven,
8064 {8064} Primeשָׁמַיִםshamayim{shaw-mah'-yim}
The second form being dual of an unused singular; from an unused root meaning to be lofty; the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies revolve).
and to pour out
5258 {5258} Primeנָסַךְnacak{naw-sak'}
A primitive root; to pour out, especially a libation, or to cast (metal); by analogy to anoint a king.
z8687 <8687> Grammar
Stem - Hiphil (See H8818) Mood - Infinitive (See H8812) Count - 1162
drink offerings
5262 {5262} Primeנֶסֶךְnecek{neh'-sek}
From H5258; a libation; also a cast idol.
unto other
312 {0312} Primeאַחֵר'acher{akh-air'}
From H0309; properly hinder; generally next, other, etc.
´élöhîm
אֱלֹהִים,
430 {0430} Primeאֱלֹהִים'elohiym{el-o-heem'}
Plural of H0433; gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference to magistrates; and sometimes as a superlative.
that
x4616 (4616) Complementלְמַעַןma`an{mah'-an}
From H6030; properly heed, that is, purpose; used only adverbially, on account of (as a motive or an aim), teleologically in order that.
they may provoke me to anger.
3707 {3707} Primeכָּעַסka`ac{kaw-as'}
A primitive root; to trouble; by implication to grieve, rage, be indignant.
z8687 <8687> Grammar
Stem - Hiphil (See H8818) Mood - Infinitive (See H8812) Count - 1162 |
Jeremiah 7:18
_ _ children ... fathers ... women — Not merely isolated individuals practiced idolatry; young and old, men and women, and whole families, contributed their joint efforts to promote it. Oh, that there were the same zeal for the worship of God as there is for error (Jeremiah 44:17, Jeremiah 44:19; Jeremiah 19:13)!
_ _ cakes ... queen of heaven — Cakes were made of honey, fine flour, etc., in a round flat shape to resemble the disc of the moon, to which they were offered. Others read as Margin, “the frame of heaven,” that is, the planets generally; so the Septuagint here; but elsewhere the Septuagint translates, “queen of heaven.” The Phoenicians called the moon Ashtoreth or Astarte: the wife of Baal or Moloch, the king of heaven. The male and female pair of deities symbolized the generative powers of nature; hence arose the introduction of prostitution in the worship. The Babylonians worshipped Ashtoreth as Mylitta, that is, generative. Our Monday, or Moon-day, indicates the former prevalence of moon worship (see on Isaiah 65:11).
_ _ that they may provoke me — implying design: in worshipping strange gods they seemed as if purposely to provoke Jehovah. |
Jeremiah 7:18
The children — Here God shews how busily they are employed from the youngest to the oldest for their idolatry. The queen — As the sun was looked upon as king, so the moon as the queen of heaven. |
Jeremiah 7:18
The children gather wood, and the fathers kindle the fire, and the women knead dough, to make cakes to (i) the queen of heaven, and to pour out drink offerings to other gods, that they may provoke me to anger.
(i) That is, they sacrifice to the sun, moon and stars, which they called the queen of heaven, (Jeremiah 44:17; 2 Kings 23:5). |
- children:
Jeremiah 44:17-19 But we will certainly do whatsoever thing goeth forth out of our own mouth, to burn incense unto the queen of heaven, and to pour out drink offerings unto her, as we have done, we, and our fathers, our kings, and our princes, in the cities of Judah, and in the streets of Jerusalem: for [then] had we plenty of victuals, and were well, and saw no evil. ... And when we burned incense to the queen of heaven, and poured out drink offerings unto her, did we make her cakes to worship her, and pour out drink offerings unto her, without our men?
Jeremiah 44:25 Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, saying; Ye and your wives have both spoken with your mouths, and fulfilled with your hand, saying, We will surely perform our vows that we have vowed, to burn incense to the queen of heaven, and to pour out drink offerings unto her: ye will surely accomplish your vows, and surely perform your vows.
1 Corinthians 10:22 Do we provoke the Lord to jealousy? are we stronger than he?
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- queen of heaven:
- or, frame, or workmanship of heaven, Though several manuscripts and editions have melachath "workmanship," instead of melecheth "queen" yet the latter reading seems the true one, as the LXX in the parallel place, and the Vulgate uniformly have "the queen of heaven;" by which there can be little doubt, is meant the Moon.
Deuteronomy 4:19 And lest thou lift up thine eyes unto heaven, and when thou seest the sun, and the moon, and the stars, [even] all the host of heaven, shouldest be driven to worship them, and serve them, which the LORD thy God hath divided unto all nations under the whole heaven.
Job 31:26-28 If I beheld the sun when it shined, or the moon walking [in] brightness; ... This also [were] an iniquity [to be punished by] the judge: for I should have denied the God [that is] above.
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- to pour:
Jeremiah 19:13 And the houses of Jerusalem, and the houses of the kings of Judah, shall be defiled as the place of Tophet, because of all the houses upon whose roofs they have burned incense unto all the host of heaven, and have poured out drink offerings unto other gods.
Jeremiah 32:29 And the Chaldeans, that fight against this city, shall come and set fire on this city, and burn it with the houses, upon whose roofs they have offered incense unto Baal, and poured out drink offerings unto other gods, to provoke me to anger.
Deuteronomy 32:37-38 And he shall say, Where [are] their gods, [their] rock in whom they trusted, ... Which did eat the fat of their sacrifices, [and] drank the wine of their drink offerings? let them rise up and help you, [and] be your protection.
Psalms 16:4 Their sorrows shall be multiplied [that] hasten [after] another [god]: their drink offerings of blood will I not offer, nor take up their names into my lips.
Isaiah 57:6 Among the smooth [stones] of the stream [is] thy portion; they, they [are] thy lot: even to them hast thou poured a drink offering, thou hast offered a meat offering. Should I receive comfort in these?
Isaiah 65:11 But ye [are] they that forsake the LORD, that forget my holy mountain, that prepare a table for that troop, and that furnish the drink offering unto that number.
Ezekiel 20:28 [For] when I had brought them into the land, [for] the which I lifted up mine hand to give it to them, then they saw every high hill, and all the thick trees, and they offered there their sacrifices, and there they presented the provocation of their offering: there also they made their sweet savour, and poured out there their drink offerings.
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- that they:
Jeremiah 25:7 Yet ye have not hearkened unto me, saith the LORD; that ye might provoke me to anger with the works of your hands to your own hurt.
Isaiah 3:8 For Jerusalem is ruined, and Judah is fallen: because their tongue and their doings [are] against the LORD, to provoke the eyes of his glory.
Isaiah 65:3 A people that provoketh me to anger continually to my face; that sacrificeth in gardens, and burneth incense upon altars of brick;
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