Nahum 2:3New American Standard Bible (NASB ©1995) [2]
— The shields of his mighty men are [colored] red, The warriors are dressed in scarlet, The chariots are [enveloped] in flashing steel When he is prepared [to march], And the cypress [spears] are brandished.
King James Version (KJV 1769) [2]
— The shield of his mighty men is made red, the valiant men [are] in scarlet: the chariots [shall be] with flaming torches in the day of his preparation, and the fir trees shall be terribly shaken.
English Revised Version (ERV 1885)
— The shield of his mighty men is made red, the valiant men are in scarlet: the chariots flash with steel in the day of his preparation, and the spears are shaken terribly.
American Standard Version (ASV 1901) [2]
— The shield of his mighty men is made red, the valiant men are in scarlet: the chariots flash with steel in the day of his preparation, and the cypress [spears] are brandished.
Webster's Revision of the KJB (WEB 1833)
— The shield of his mighty men is made red, the valiant men [are] in scarlet: the chariots [shall be] with flaming torches in the day of his preparation, and the fir-trees shall be terribly shaken.
Darby's Translation (DBY 1890)
— The shield of his mighty men is made red, the valiant men are in scarlet: the chariots [glitter] with the sheen of steel, in the day of his preparation, and the spears are brandished.
Rotherham's Emphasized Bible (EBR 1902)
— The shield of his heroes, is made red, the men of war, are clad in crimson, on fire, are the chariot-steels, on the day he maketh ready,—and, the lances, are put in motion.
Young's Literal Translation (YLT 1898)
— The shield of his mighty ones is become red, Men of might [are in] scarlet, With fiery torches [is] the chariot in a day of his preparation, And the firs have been caused to tremble.
Douay-Rheims Challoner Revision (DR 1750)
— The shield of his mighty men is like fire, the men of the army are clad in scarlet, the reins of the chariot are flaming in the day of his preparation, and the drivers are stupefied.
Geneva Bible (GNV 1560)
— The shield of his mightie men is made red: the valiant men are in skarlet: the charets shalbe as in the fire and flames in the day of his preparation, and the firre trees shall tremble.
Original King James Bible (AV 1611) [2]
— The shield of his mightie men is made red, the valiant men are in scarlet: the charets [shall bee] with flaming torches in the day of his preparation, and the firre trees shall bee terribly shaken.
Lamsa Bible (1957)
— The shields of their mighty men are red, the valiant men parade with flaming torches and in chariots in the day of their preparation, and the horsemen are terrifying.
Brenton Greek Septuagint (LXX, Restored Names)
— [They have destroyed] the arms of their power from among men, their mighty men sporting with fire: the reins of their chariots [shall be destroyed] in the day of his preparation, and the horsemen shall be thrown into confusion
Full Hebrew Names / Holy Name KJV (2008) [2] [3]
— The shield of his mighty men is made red, the valiant men [are] in scarlet: the chariots [shall be] with flaming torches in the day of his preparation, and the fir trees shall be terribly shaken. |
The shield
4043 {4043} Primeמָגֵןmagen{maw-gane'}
From H1598; a shield (that is, the small one or buckler); figuratively a protector; also the scaly hide of the crocodile.
of his mighty men
1368 {1368} Primeגִּבּוֹרgibbowr{ghib-bore'}
Intensive from the same as H1397; powerful; by implication warrior, tyrant.
is made red,
119 {0119} Primeאָדַם'adam{aw-dam'}
To show blood (in the face), that is, flush or turn rosy.
z8794 <8794> Grammar
Stem - Pual (See H8849) Mood - Participle (See H8813) Count - 194
the valiant
2428 {2428} Primeחַיִלchayil{khah'-yil}
From H2342; probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength.
men
y582 [0582] Standardאֱנוֹשׁ'enowsh{en-oshe'}
From H0605; properly a mortal (and thus differeing from the more dignified H0120); hence a man in general (singly or collectively). It is often unexpressed in the English Version, especially when used in apposition with another word.
x376 (0376) Complementאִישׁ'iysh{eesh}
Contracted for H0582 (or perhaps rather from an unused root meaning to be extant); a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation.).
[ are] in scarlet:
8529 {8529} Primeתָּלָעtala`{taw-law'}
A denominative from H8438; to crimson, that is, dye that color.
z8794 <8794> Grammar
Stem - Pual (See H8849) Mood - Participle (See H8813) Count - 194
the chariots
7393 {7393} Primeרֶכֶבrekeb{reh'-keb}
From H7392; a vehicle; by implication a team; by extension cavalry; by analogy a rider, that is, the upper millstone.
[ shall be] with flaming
784 {0784} Primeאֵשׁ'esh{aysh}
A primitive word; fire (literally or figuratively).
torches
6393 {6393} Primeפְּלָדָהp@ladah{pel-aw-daw'}
From an unused root meaning to divide; a cleaver, that is, iron armature (of a chariot).
in the day
3117 {3117} Primeיוֹםyowm{yome}
From an unused root meaning to be hot; a day (as the warm hours), whether literally (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figuratively (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverbially).
of his preparation,
3559 {3559} Primeכּוּןkuwn{koon}
A primitive root; properly to be erect (that is, stand perpendicular);. hence (causatively) to set up, in a great variety of applications, whether literal ( establish, fix, prepare, apply), or figurative ( appoint, render sure, proper or prosperous).
z8687 <8687> Grammar
Stem - Hiphil (See H8818) Mood - Infinitive (See H8812) Count - 1162
and the fir trees
1265 {1265} Primeבְּרוֹשׁb@rowsh{ber-osh'}
Of uncertain derivation; a cypress tree (perhaps); hence a lance or a musical instrument (as made of that wood).
shall be terribly shaken.
7477 {7477} Primeרָעַלra`al{raw-al'}
A primitive root; to reel, that is, (figuratively) to brandish.
z8717 <8717> Grammar
Stem - Hophal (See H8825) Mood - Perfect (See H8816) Count - 123 |
Nahum 2:3
_ _ his mighty men — the Medo-Babylonian general’s mighty men attacking Nineveh.
_ _ made red — The ancients dyed their bull’s-hide shields red, partly to strike terror into the enemy, chiefly lest the blood from wounds which they might receive should be perceived and give confidence to the foe [Calvin]. G. V. Smith conjectures that the reference is to the red reflection of the sun’s rays from shields of bronze or copper, such as are found among the Assyrian remains.
_ _ in scarlet — or crimson military tunics (compare Matthew 27:28). Xenophon mentions that the Medes were fond of this color. The Lydians and Tyrians extracted the dye from a particular worm.
_ _ chariots ... with flaming torches — that is, the chariots shall be like flaming torches, their wheels in lightning-like rapidity of rotation flashing light and striking sparks from the stones over which they pass (compare Isaiah 5:28). English Version supposes a transposition of the Hebrew letters. It is better to translate the Hebrew as it is, “the chariots (shall be furnished) with fire-flashing scythes” (literally, “with the fire,” or glitter, of iron weapons). Iron scythes were fixed at right angles to the axles and turned down, or parallel to it, inserted into the felly of the wheel. The Medes, perhaps, had such chariots, though no traces of them are found in Assyrian remains. On account of the latter fact, it may be better to translate, “the chariots (shall come) with the glitter of steel weapons” [Maurer and G. V. Smith].
_ _ in the day of his preparation — Jehovah’s (Isaiah 13:3). Or, “Medo-Babylonian commander’s day of preparation for the attack” (Nahum 2:1). “He” confirms this, and “his” in this verse.
_ _ the fir trees — their fir-tree lances.
_ _ terribly shaken — branded so as to strike terror. Or, “shall be tremulous with being brandished” [Maurer]. |
Nahum 2:3
The shield — One part for the whole of the armour, and furniture. Mighty men — Medes or Chaldeans. Red — With the blood of the slain. Torches — Torches were always carried in them. In the day — When he shall muster his armies. Shaken — By axes cutting them down for the war. |
Nahum 2:3
The shield of his mighty men is made red, (d) the valiant men [are] in scarlet: the chariots [shall be] with flaming torches in the day of his preparation, and (e) the fir trees shall be terribly shaken.
(d) Both to put fear into the enemy, and also that they themselves should not so soon detect blood among one another, to discourage them.
(e) Meaning their spears would shake and crash together. |
- made:
Isaiah 63:1-3 Who [is] this that cometh from Edom, with dyed garments from Bozrah? this [that is] glorious in his apparel, travelling in the greatness of his strength? I that speak in righteousness, mighty to save. ... I have trodden the winepress alone; and of the people [there was] none with me: for I will tread them in mine anger, and trample them in my fury; and their blood shall be sprinkled upon my garments, and I will stain all my raiment.
Zechariah 1:8 I saw by night, and behold a man riding upon a red horse, and he stood among the myrtle trees that [were] in the bottom; and behind him [were there] red horses, speckled, and white.
Zechariah 6:2 In the first chariot [were] red horses; and in the second chariot black horses;
Revelation 6:4 And there went out another horse [that was] red: and [power] was given to him that sat thereon to take peace from the earth, and that they should kill one another: and there was given unto him a great sword.
Revelation 12:3 And there appeared another wonder in heaven; and behold a great red dragon, having seven heads and ten horns, and seven crowns upon his heads.
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- in scarlet:
- or, dyed scarlet
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- the fir trees:
Isaiah 14:8 Yea, the fir trees rejoice at thee, [and] the cedars of Lebanon, [saying], Since thou art laid down, no feller is come up against us.
Zechariah 11:2 Howl, fir tree; for the cedar is fallen; because the mighty are spoiled: howl, O ye oaks of Bashan; for the forest of the vintage is come down.
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