Matthew 12:4 [study!]American Standard Version (ASV 1901) [2]
— how he entered into the house of God, and ate the showbread, which it was not lawful for him to eat, neither for them that were with him, but only for the priests?
King James Version (KJV 1769)
— How he entered into the house of God, and did eat the shewbread, which was not lawful for him to eat, neither for them which were with him, but only for the priests?
New American Standard Bible (NASB ©1995)
— how he entered the house of God, and they ate the consecrated bread, which was not lawful for him to eat nor for those with him, but for the priests alone?
Webster's Revision of the KJB (WEB 1833)
— How he entered into the house of God, and ate the show-bread, which it was not lawful for him to eat, neither for them who were with him, but only for the priests?
Darby's Translation (DBY 1890)
— How he entered into the house of God, and ate the shewbread, which it was not lawful for him to eat, nor for those with him, but for the priests only?
Rotherham's Emphasized Bible (EBR 1902)
— he entered into the house of God and, the presence-bread, did eat, which it was not, allowable, for him to eat, nor for them who were with him,—save for the priests, alone?
Young's Literal Translation (YLT 1898)
— how he went into the house of God, and the loaves of the presentation did eat, which it is not lawful to him to eat, nor to those with him, except to the priests alone?
Douay-Rheims Challoner Revision (DR 1750)
— How he entered into the house of God, and did eat the loaves of proposition, which it was not lawful for him to eat, nor for them that were with him, but for the priests only?
Original King James Bible (AV 1611) [2]
— How he entred into the house of God, and did eate the shew bread, which was not lawfull for him to eate, neither for them which were with him, but, only for the Priests?
John Etheridge Peshitta-Aramaic NT (1849)
— how he went to the house of Aloha, and the bread of the table of the Lord did he eat, -that which was not lawful for him to eat, nor for them who were with him, but for the priests only?
James Murdock Peshitta-Aramaic NT (1852)
— How he went to the house of God, and ate the bread of the Lord's table; which it was not lawful for him to eat, nor for them that were with him, but solely for the priests? |
How
4459 {4459} Primeπῶςpos{poce}
Adverb from the base of G4226; an interrogitive particle of manner; in what way? (sometimes the question is indirect, how?); also as exclamation, how much!.
he entered
x1525 (1525) Complementεἰσέρχομαιeiserchomai{ice-er'-khom-ahee}
From G1519 and G2064; to enter (literally or figuratively).
into
1519 {1519} Primeεἰςeis{ice}
A primary preposition; to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases.
y1525 [1525] Standardεἰσέρχομαιeiserchomai{ice-er'-khom-ahee}
From G1519 and G2064; to enter (literally or figuratively).
z5627 <5627> Grammar
Tense - Second Aorist (See G5780) Voice - Active (See G5784) Mood - Indicative (See G5791) Count - 2138 plus 1 in a variant reading in a footnote
the
x3588 (3588) Complementὁho{ho}
The masculine, feminine (second) and neuter (third) forms, in all their inflections; the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom).
house
3624 {3624} Primeοἶκοςoikos{oy'-kos}
Of uncertain affinity; a dwelling (more or less extensive, literally or figuratively); by implication a family (more or less related, literally or figuratively).
of God,
2316 {2316} Primeθεόςtheos{theh'-os}
Of uncertain affinity; a deity, especially (with G3588) the supreme Divinity; figuratively a magistrate; by Hebraism very.
and
2532 {2532} Primeκαίkai{kahee}
Apparently a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so, then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words.
did eat
5315 {5315} Primeφάγωphago{fag'-o}
A primary verb (used as an alternate of G2068 in certain tenses); to eat (literally or figuratively).
z5627 <5627> Grammar
Tense - Second Aorist (See G5780) Voice - Active (See G5784) Mood - Indicative (See G5791) Count - 2138 plus 1 in a variant reading in a footnote
the
x3588 (3588) Complementὁho{ho}
The masculine, feminine (second) and neuter (third) forms, in all their inflections; the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom).
shewbread,
740 {0740} Primeἄρτοςartos{ar'-tos}
From G0142; bread (as raised) or a loaf.
4286 {4286} Primeπρόθεσιςprothesis{proth'-es-is}
From G4388; a setting forth, that is, (figuratively) proposal ( intention); specifically the show bread (in the Temple) as exposed before God.
which
3739 {3739} Primeὅςhos{hos}
Probably a primary word (or perhaps a form of the article G3588); the relative (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that.
was
2258 {2258} Primeἦνen{ane}
Imperfect of G1510; I ( thou, etc.) was ( wast or were).
z5713 <5713> Grammar
Tense - Imperfect (See G5775) Voice - No Voice Stated (See G5799) Mood - Indicative (See G5791) Count - 532
not
3756 {3756} Primeοὐou{oo}
A primary word; the absolutely negative (compare G3361) adverb; no or not.
lawful
1832 {1832} Primeἔξεστιexesti{ex'-es-tee}
Third person singular present indicative of a compound of G1537 and G1510; so also ἐξόν [[exon]], {ex-on'}; neuter present participle of the same (with or without some form of G1510 expressed); impersonally it is right (through the figurative idea of being out in public).
z5752 <5752> Grammar
Tense - Present (See G5774) Voice - No Voice Stated (See G5799) Mood - Participle (See G5796) Count - 186
for him
846 {0846} Primeαὐτόςautos{ow-tos'}
From the particle αὖ [[au]] (perhaps akin to the base of G0109 through the idea of a baffling wind; backward); the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the compound of G1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons.
to eat,
5315 {5315} Primeφάγωphago{fag'-o}
A primary verb (used as an alternate of G2068 in certain tenses); to eat (literally or figuratively).
z5629 <5629> Grammar
Tense - Second Aorist (See G5780) Voice - Active (See G5784) Mood - Infinitive (See G5795) Count - 454
neither
x3761 (3761) Complementοὐδέoude{oo-deh'}
From G3756 and G1161; not however, that is, neither, nor, not even.
for
y3761 [3761] Standardοὐδέoude{oo-deh'}
From G3756 and G1161; not however, that is, neither, nor, not even.
them
x3588 (3588) Complementὁho{ho}
The masculine, feminine (second) and neuter (third) forms, in all their inflections; the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom).
which
y3326 [3326] Standardμετάmeta{met-ah'}
A primary preposition (often used adverbially); properly denoting accompaniment; 'amid' (local or causal); modified variously according to the case (genitive case association, or accusative case succession) with which it is joined; occupying an intermediate position between G0575 or G1537 and G1519 or G4314; less intimate than G1722, and less close than G4862).
were with
x3326 (3326) Complementμετάmeta{met-ah'}
A primary preposition (often used adverbially); properly denoting accompaniment; 'amid' (local or causal); modified variously according to the case (genitive case association, or accusative case succession) with which it is joined; occupying an intermediate position between G0575 or G1537 and G1519 or G4314; less intimate than G1722, and less close than G4862).
him,
846 {0846} Primeαὐτόςautos{ow-tos'}
From the particle αὖ [[au]] (perhaps akin to the base of G0109 through the idea of a baffling wind; backward); the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the compound of G1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons.
but
1508
only
3441 {3441} Primeμόνοςmonos{mon'-os}
Probably from G3306; remaining, that is, sole or single; by implication mere.
for the
x3588 (3588) Complementὁho{ho}
The masculine, feminine (second) and neuter (third) forms, in all their inflections; the definite article; the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom).
priests?
2409 {2409} Primeἱερεύςhiereus{hee-er-yooce'}
From G2413; a priest (literally or figuratively). |
Matthew 12:4
_ _ How he entered into the house of God, and did eat the showbread, which was not lawful for him to eat, neither for them which were with him, but only for the priests? — No example could be more apposite than this. The man after God’s own heart, of whom the Jews ever boasted, when suffering in God’s cause and straitened for provisions, asked and obtained from the high priest what, according to the law, it was illegal for anyone save the priests to touch. Mark (Mark 2:26) says this occurred “in the days of Abiathar the high priest.” But this means not during his high priesthood — for it was under that of his father Ahimelech — but simply, in his time. Ahimelech was soon succeeded by Abiathar, whose connection with David, and prominence during his reign, may account for his name, rather than his father’s, being here introduced. Yet there is not a little confusion in what is said of these priests in different parts of the Old Testament. Thus he is called both the son of the father of Ahimelech (1 Samuel 22:20; 2 Samuel 8:17); and Ahimelech is called Ahiah (1 Samuel 14:3), and Abimelech (1 Chronicles 18:16). |
Matthew 12:4
He entered into the house of God — Into the tabernacle. The temple was not yet built. The show bread — So they called the bread which the priest, who served that week, put every Sabbath day on the golden table that was in the holy place, before the Lord. The loaves were twelve in number, and represented the twelve tribes of Israel: when the new were brought, the stale were taken away, but were to be eaten by the priests only. 1 Samuel 21:6. |
Matthew 12:4
How he entered into the house of God, and did eat the (a) shewbread, which was not lawful for him to eat, neither for them which were with him, but only for the priests?
(a) The Hebrews call it "bread of faces", because it stood before the Lord all the week upon the golden table appointed for that service; (Leviticus 24:6). |
the shew-bread,
Exodus 25:30 And thou shalt set upon the table shewbread before me alway.
Leviticus 24:5- 9 And thou shalt take fine flour, and bake twelve cakes thereof: two tenth deals shall be in one cake. ... And it shall be Aaron's and his sons'; and they shall eat it in the holy place: for it [ is] most holy unto him of the offerings of the LORD made by fire by a perpetual statute.
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- but:
Exodus 29:32-33 And Aaron and his sons shall eat the flesh of the ram, and the bread that [is] in the basket, [by] the door of the tabernacle of the congregation. ... And they shall eat those things wherewith the atonement was made, to consecrate [and] to sanctify them: but a stranger shall not eat [thereof], because they [are] holy.
Leviticus 8:31 And Moses said unto Aaron and to his sons, Boil the flesh [at] the door of the tabernacle of the congregation: and there eat it with the bread that [is] in the basket of consecrations, as I commanded, saying, Aaron and his sons shall eat it.
Leviticus 24:9 And it shall be Aaron's and his sons'; and they shall eat it in the holy place: for it [is] most holy unto him of the offerings of the LORD made by fire by a perpetual statute.
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