Judges 12:6 [study!]American Standard Version (ASV 1901) [2]
— then said they unto him, Say now Shibboleth; and he said Sibboleth; for he could not frame to pronounce it right: then they laid hold on him, and slew him at the fords of the Jordan. And there fell at that time of Ephraim forty and two thousand.
King James Version (KJV 1769)
— Then said they unto him, Say now Shibboleth: and he said Sibboleth: for he could not frame to pronounce [it] right. Then they took him, and slew him at the passages of Jordan: and there fell at that time of the Ephraimites forty and two thousand.
New American Standard Bible (NASB ©1995)
— then they would say to him, “Say now, ‘Shibboleth.’” But he said, “Sibboleth,” for he could not pronounce it correctly. Then they seized him and slew him at the fords of the Jordan. Thus there fell at that time 42,000 of Ephraim.
Webster's Revision of the KJB (WEB 1833)
— Then said they to him, Say now Shibboleth: and he said Sibboleth: for he could not frame to pronounce [it] right. Then they took him, and slew him at the passages of Jordan. And there fell at that time of the Ephraimites forty and two thousand.
Darby's Translation (DBY 1890)
— Then they said to him, Say now Shibboleth! and he said, Sibboleth, and did not manage to pronounce [it] rightly. Then they took him, and slaughtered him at the fords of the Jordan. And there fell at that time of Ephraim forty-two thousand.
Rotherham's Emphasized Bible (EBR 1902)
— they said to him, Come now, say Shibboleth, and, if he said Sibboleth, and he could not take heed to speak in that manner, then laid they hold on him, and slew him at the fords of the Jordan,—and there fell, at that time, of the Ephraimites, forty-two thousand.
Young's Literal Translation (YLT 1898)
— that they say to him, 'Say, I pray thee, Shibboleth;' and he saith, 'Sibboleth,' and is not prepared to speak right—and they seize him, and slaughter him at the passages of the Jordan, and there fall at that time, of Ephraim, forty and two chiefs.
Douay-Rheims Challoner Revision (DR 1750)
— They asked him: Say then, Scibboleth, which is interpreted, An ear of corn. But he answered, Sibboleth, not being able to express an ear of corn by the same letter. Then presently they took him and killed him in the very passage of the Jordan. And there fell at that time of Ephraim, two and forty thousand.
Original King James Bible (AV 1611) [2]
— Then said they vnto him, Say now, Shibboleth: and he said, Sibboleth: for hee could not frame to pronounce it right. Then they tooke him, and slewe him at the passages of Iordan: and there fell at that time of the Ephraimites, fourtie & two thousand.
Brenton Greek Septuagint (LXX, Restored Names)
— Then they said to him, Say now Stachys; and he did not rightly pronounce it so: and they took him, and slew him at the fords of Jordan; and there fell at that time of Ephraim two and forty thousand.
Full Hebrew Names / Holy Name KJV (2008) [2] [3]
— Then said they unto him, Say now Shibboleth: and he said Sibboleth: for he could not frame to pronounce [it] right. Then they took him, and slew him at the passages of Yarden: and there fell at that time of the Efrayim forty and two thousand. |
Then said
559 {0559} Primeאָמַר'amar{aw-mar'}
A primitive root; to say (used with great latitude).
z8799 <8799> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851) Mood - Imperfect (See H8811) Count - 19885
they unto him, Say
559 {0559} Primeאָמַר'amar{aw-mar'}
A primitive root; to say (used with great latitude).
z8798 <8798> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851) Mood - Imperative (See H8810) Count - 2847
now
x4994 (4994) Complementנָאna'{naw}
A primitive particle of incitement and entreaty, which may usually be rendered I pray, now or then; added mostly to verbs (in the imperative or future), or to interjections, occasionally to an adverb or conjugation.
Šibböle±
שִׁבֹּלֶת:
7641 {7641} Primeשִׁבֹּלshibbol{shib-bole'}
From the same as H7640; a stream (as flowing); also an ear of grain (as growing out); by analogy a branch.
and he said
559 {0559} Primeאָמַר'amar{aw-mar'}
A primitive root; to say (used with great latitude).
z8799 <8799> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851) Mood - Imperfect (See H8811) Count - 19885
Sibböle±
סִבֹּלֶת:
5451 {5451} Primeסִבֹּלֶתcibboleth{sib-bo'-leth}
For H7641; an ear of grain.
for he could not
x3808 (3808) Complementלֹאlo'{lo}
lo; a primitive particle; not (the simple or abstract negation); by implication no; often used with other particles.
frame
3559 {3559} Primeכּוּןkuwn{koon}
A primitive root; properly to be erect (that is, stand perpendicular);. hence (causatively) to set up, in a great variety of applications, whether literal ( establish, fix, prepare, apply), or figurative ( appoint, render sure, proper or prosperous).
z0 <0000> Grammar
The original word in the Greek or Hebrew is translated by more than one word in the English. The English translation is separated by one or more other words from the original.
to pronounce
1696 {1696} Primeדִּבֵּרdabar{daw-bar'}
A primitive root; perhaps properly to arrange; but used figuratively (of words) to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue.
z8763 <8763> Grammar
Stem - Piel (See H8840) Mood - Infinitive (See H8812) Count - 790
[ it] right.
y3559 [3559] Standardכּוּןkuwn{koon}
A primitive root; properly to be erect (that is, stand perpendicular);. hence (causatively) to set up, in a great variety of applications, whether literal ( establish, fix, prepare, apply), or figurative ( appoint, render sure, proper or prosperous).
z8686 <8686> Grammar
Stem - Hiphil (See H8818) Mood - Imperfect (See H8811) Count - 4046
x3651 (3651) Complementכֵּןken{kane}
From H3559; properly set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjugation) rightly or so (in various applications to manner, time and relation; often with other particles).
Then they took
270 {0270} Primeאָחַז'achaz{aw-khaz'}
A primitive root; to seize (often with the accessory idea of holding in possession).
z8799 <8799> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851) Mood - Imperfect (See H8811) Count - 19885
him, and slew
7819 {7819} Primeשָׁחַטshachat{shaw-khat'}
A primitive root; to slaughter (in sacrifice or massacre).
z8799 <8799> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851) Mood - Imperfect (See H8811) Count - 19885
him at
x413 (0413) Complementאֵל'el{ale}
(Used only in the shortened constructive form (the second form)); a primitive particle, properly denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, that is, near, with or among; often in general, to.
the passages
4569 {4569} Primeמַעַבָּרma`abar{mah-ab-awr'}
From H5674; a crossing place (of a river, a ford; of a mountain, a pass); abstractly a transit, that is, (figuratively) overwhelming.
of
Yardën
יַרדֵּן:
3383 {3383} PrimeיַרְדֵּןYarden{yar-dane'}
From H3381; a descender; Jarden, the principal river of Palestine.
and there fell
5307 {5307} Primeנָפַלnaphal{naw-fal'}
A primitive root; to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitively or causatively, literally or figuratively).
z8799 <8799> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851) Mood - Imperfect (See H8811) Count - 19885
at that
x1931 (1931) Complementהוּאhuw'{hoo}
The second form is the feminine beyond the Pentateuch; a primitive word, the third person pronoun singular, he ( she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demonstrative) this or that; occasionally (instead of copula) as or are.
time
6256 {6256} Primeעֵת`eth{ayth}
From H5703; time, especially (adverbially with preposition) now, when, etc.
of the
´Efrayim
אֶפרַיִם
669 {0669} Primeאֶפְרַיִם'Ephrayim{ef-rah'-yim}
Dual of a masculine form of H0672; double fruit; Ephrajim, a son of Joseph; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory.
x4480 (4480) Complementמִןmin{min}
For H4482; properly a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses.
forty
705
and two
8147 {8147} Primeשְׁתַּיִםsh@nayim{shen-ah'-yim}
(The first form being dual of H8145; the second form being feminine); two; also (as ordinal) twofold.
thousand.
505 {0505} Primeאֶלֶף'eleph{eh'-lef}
Properly the same as H0504; hence (an ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as a numeral) a thousand. |
Judges 12:6
Shibboleth — Which signifies a stream or river, which they desired to pass over: so it was a word proper for the occasion, and gave them no cause to suspect the design, because they were required only to express their desire to go over the Shibboleth or river. Sibboleth — It is well known, that not only divers nations, but divers provinces, or parts of the same nation who use the same language, differ in their manner of pronunciation. Could not frame — Or rather, he did not frame to speak right; so as he was required to do it. The Hebrew text doth not say, that he could not do it, but that he did it not, because suspecting not the design he uttered it speedily according to his manner of expression. There fell — Not in that place, but in that expedition, being slain either in the battle, or in the pursuit, or at Jordan. See the justice of God! They had gloried, that they were Ephraimites: But how soon are they afraid to own their country? They had called the Gileadites, fugitives: And now they are in good earnest become fugitives themselves. It is the same word, Judges 12:5, used of the Ephraimites that fled, which they had used in scorn of the Gileadites. He that rolls the stone, or reproach unjustly on another, it may justly return upon himself. |
Judges 12:6
Then said they unto him, Say now (e) Shibboleth: and he said Sibboleth: for he could not frame to pronounce [it] right. Then they took him, and slew him at the passages of Jordan: and there fell at that time of the Ephraimites forty and two thousand.
(e) Which signifies the fall of waters, or an ear of corn. |
- Say now:
Matthew 26:73 And after a while came unto [him] they that stood by, and said to Peter, Surely thou also art [one] of them; for thy speech bewrayeth thee.
Mark 14:70 And he denied it again. And a little after, they that stood by said again to Peter, Surely thou art [one] of them: for thou art a Galilaean, and thy speech agreeth [thereto].
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- Shibboleth:
- which signifieth a stream, or flood,
Psalms 69:2 I sink in deep mire, where [there is] no standing: I am come into deep waters, where the floods overflow me.
Psalms 69:15 Let not the waterflood overflow me, neither let the deep swallow me up, and let not the pit shut her mouth upon me.
Isaiah 27:12 And it shall come to pass in that day, [that] the LORD shall beat off from the channel of the river unto the stream of Egypt, and ye shall be gathered one by one, O ye children of Israel.
*Heb: Shibboleth also means an ear of corn (
Job 24:24 They are exalted for a little while, but are gone and brought low; they are taken out of the way as all [other], and cut off as the tops of the ears of corn.
), and sibboleth signifies a burden (
Exodus 6:6 Wherefore say unto the children of Israel, I [am] the LORD, and I will bring you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians, and I will rid you out of their bondage, and I will redeem you with a stretched out arm, and with great judgments:
); and a heavy burden they were obliged to bear who could not pronounce this test letter. It is well known that several nations cannot pronounce certain letters. The sound of th cannot be pronounced by the Persians, no more than by some of our Continental neighbours; though it is a common sound among the Arabians. To this day, many of the German Jews cannot articulate ת th, for which they substitute ss; thus for baith, a house, they say baiss.
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- there fell:
Proverbs 17:14 The beginning of strife [is as] when one letteth out water: therefore leave off contention, before it be meddled with.
Proverbs 18:19 A brother offended [is harder to be won] than a strong city: and [their] contentions [are] like the bars of a castle.
Ecclesiastes 10:12 The words of a wise man's mouth [are] gracious; but the lips of a fool will swallow up himself.
Matthew 12:25 And Jesus knew their thoughts, and said unto them, Every kingdom divided against itself is brought to desolation; and every city or house divided against itself shall not stand:
Galatians 5:15 But if ye bite and devour one another, take heed that ye be not consumed one of another.
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- forty:
- Arbaim ooshenayim aleph, "forty and two thousand." Here the ו, and, may mean simple addition; and this number may denote 2,040 and not 42,000. At the last census of the Israelites (
Numbers 26:37 These [are] the families of the sons of Ephraim according to those that were numbered of them, thirty and two thousand and five hundred. These [are] the sons of Joseph after their families.
) the whole tribe of Ephraim only amounted to 32,500, compared with which this last number appears far too great.
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