American Standard Version (ASV 1901) [2]
— Be afflicted, and mourn, and weep: let your laughter be turned to mourning, and your joy to heaviness.
King James Version (KJV 1769)
— Be afflicted, and mourn, and weep: let your laughter be turned to mourning, and [your] joy to heaviness.
New American Standard Bible (NASB ©1995)
— Be miserable and mourn and weep; let your laughter be turned into mourning and your joy to gloom.
Webster's Revision of the KJB (WEB 1833)
— Be afflicted, and mourn, and weep: let your laughter be turned to mourning, and [your] joy to heaviness.
Darby's Translation (DBY 1890)
— Be wretched, and mourn, and weep: let your laughter be turned to mourning, and [your] joy to heaviness.
Rotherham's Emphasized Bible (EBR 1902)
— Be miserable and lament and weep, let, your laughter, into lamentation, be turned, and, your joy, into dejection;
Young's Literal Translation (YLT 1898)
— be exceeding afflicted, and mourn, and weep, let your laughter to mourning be turned, and the joy to heaviness;
Douay-Rheims Challoner Revision (DR 1750)
— Be afflicted and mourn and weep: let your laughter be turned into mourning and your joy into sorrow.
Original King James Bible (AV 1611) [2]
— Bee afflicted, and mourne, and weepe: let your laughter be turned to mourning, and your ioy to heauinesse.
John Etheridge Peshitta-Aramaic NT (1849)
— Be humbled and sorrowful, and let your laughter be turned into grief, and your gladness into anxiety.
James Murdock Peshitta-Aramaic NT (1852)
— Humble yourselves, and mourn: let your laughter be turned into mourning, and your joy into grief. |
Be afflicted,
5003 {5003} Primeταλαιπωρέωtalaiporeo{tal-ahee-po-reh'-o}
From G5005; to be wretched, that is, realize one's own misery.
z5657 <5657> Grammar
Tense - Aorist (See G5777) Voice - Active (See G5784) Mood - Imperative (See G5794) Count - 376
and
2532 {2532} Primeκαίkai{kahee}
Apparently a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so, then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words.
mourn,
3996 {3996} Primeπενθέωpentheo{pen-theh'-o}
From G3997; to grieve ( the feeling or the act).
z5657 <5657> Grammar
Tense - Aorist (See G5777) Voice - Active (See G5784) Mood - Imperative (See G5794) Count - 376
and
2532 {2532} Primeκαίkai{kahee}
Apparently a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so, then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words.
weep:
2799 {2799} Primeκλαίωklaio{klah'-yo}
Of uncertain affinity; to sob, that is, wail aloud (whereas G1145 is rather to cry silently).
z5657 <5657> Grammar
Tense - Aorist (See G5777) Voice - Active (See G5784) Mood - Imperative (See G5794) Count - 376
let your
5216 {5216} Primeὑμῶνhumon{hoo-mone'}
Genitive case of G5210; of ( from or concerning) you.
laughter
1071 {1071} Primeγέλωςgelos{ghel'-os}
From G1070; laughter (as a mark of gratification).
be turned
3344 {3344} Primeμεταστρέφωmetastrepho{met-as-tref'-o}
From G3326 and G4762; to turn across, that is, transmute or (figuratively) corrupt.
z5649 <5649> Grammar
Tense - Second Aorist (See G5780) Voice - Passive (See G5786) Mood - Imperative (See G5794) Count - 9
to
1519 {1519} Primeεἰςeis{ice}
A primary preposition; to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases.
mourning,
3997 {3997} Primeπένθοςpenthos{pen'-thos}
Strengthened from the alternate of G3958; grief.
and
2532 {2532} Primeκαίkai{kahee}
Apparently a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also a cumulative force; and, also, even, so, then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words.
[ your] joy
5479 {5479} Primeχαράchara{khar-ah'}
From G5463; cheerfulness, that is, calm delight.
to
1519 {1519} Primeεἰςeis{ice}
A primary preposition; to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases.
heaviness.
2726 {2726} Primeκατήφειαkatepheia{kat-ay'-fi-ah}
From a compound of G2596 and perhaps a derivative of the base of G5316 (meaning downcast in look); demureness, that is, (by implication) sadness. |
James 4:9
_ _ Be afflicted — literally, “Endure misery,” that is, mourn over your wretchedness through sin. Repent with deep sorrow instead of your present laughter. A blessed mourning. Contrast Isaiah 22:12, Isaiah 22:13; Luke 6:25. James does not add here, as in James 5:1, “howl,” where he foretells the doom of the impenitent at the coming destruction of Jerusalem.
_ _ heaviness — literally, “falling of the countenance,” casting down of the eyes. |
James 4:9
Be afflicted — For your past unfaithfulness to God. |
James 4:9
(6) Be afflicted, and mourn, and weep: let your laughter be turned to mourning, and [your] joy to (a) heaviness.
(6) He goes on in the same comparison of opposites, and contrasts those profane joys with an earnest sorrow of mind, and pride and arrogancy with holy modesty.
(a) By this word the Greeks mean a heaviness joined with shamefacedness, which is to be seen in a cast down countenance, and settled as it were upon the ground. |
- afflicted:
James 5:1-2 Go to now, [ye] rich men, weep and howl for your miseries that shall come upon [you]. ... Your riches are corrupted, and your garments are motheaten.
Psalms 119:67 Before I was afflicted I went astray: but now have I kept thy word.
Psalms 119:71 [It is] good for me that I have been afflicted; that I might learn thy statutes.
Psalms 119:136 Rivers of waters run down mine eyes, because they keep not thy law.
Psalms 126:5-6 They that sow in tears shall reap in joy. ... He that goeth forth and weepeth, bearing precious seed, shall doubtless come again with rejoicing, bringing his sheaves [with him].
Ecclesiastes 7:2-5 [It is] better to go to the house of mourning, than to go to the house of feasting: for that [is] the end of all men; and the living will lay [it] to his heart. ... [It is] better to hear the rebuke of the wise, than for a man to hear the song of fools.
Isaiah 22:12-13 And in that day did the Lord GOD of hosts call to weeping, and to mourning, and to baldness, and to girding with sackcloth: ... And behold joy and gladness, slaying oxen, and killing sheep, eating flesh, and drinking wine: let us eat and drink; for to morrow we shall die.
Jeremiah 31:9 They shall come with weeping, and with supplications will I lead them: I will cause them to walk by the rivers of waters in a straight way, wherein they shall not stumble: for I am a father to Israel, and Ephraim [is] my firstborn.
Jeremiah 31:13 Then shall the virgin rejoice in the dance, both young men and old together: for I will turn their mourning into joy, and will comfort them, and make them rejoice from their sorrow.
Jeremiah 31:18-20 I have surely heard Ephraim bemoaning himself [thus]; Thou hast chastised me, and I was chastised, as a bullock unaccustomed [to the yoke]: turn thou me, and I shall be turned; for thou [art] the LORD my God. ... [Is] Ephraim my dear son? [is he] a pleasant child? for since I spake against him, I do earnestly remember him still: therefore my bowels are troubled for him; I will surely have mercy upon him, saith the LORD.
Ezekiel 7:16 But they that escape of them shall escape, and shall be on the mountains like doves of the valleys, all of them mourning, every one for his iniquity.
Ezekiel 16:63 That thou mayest remember, and be confounded, and never open thy mouth any more because of thy shame, when I am pacified toward thee for all that thou hast done, saith the Lord GOD.
Zechariah 12:10-14 And I will pour upon the house of David, and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the spirit of grace and of supplications: and they shall look upon me whom they have pierced, and they shall mourn for him, as one mourneth for [his] only [son], and shall be in bitterness for him, as one that is in bitterness for [his] firstborn. ... All the families that remain, every family apart, and their wives apart.
Matthew 5:4 Blessed [are] they that mourn: for they shall be comforted.
Luke 6:21 Blessed [are ye] that hunger now: for ye shall be filled. Blessed [are ye] that weep now: for ye shall laugh.
2 Corinthians 7:10-11 For godly sorrow worketh repentance to salvation not to be repented of: but the sorrow of the world worketh death. ... For behold this selfsame thing, that ye sorrowed after a godly sort, what carefulness it wrought in you, yea, [what] clearing of yourselves, yea, [what] indignation, yea, [what] fear, yea, [what] vehement desire, yea, [what] zeal, yea, [what] revenge! In all [things] ye have approved yourselves to be clear in this matter.
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- let:
Job 30:31 My harp also is [turned] to mourning, and my organ into the voice of them that weep.
Proverbs 14:13 Even in laughter the heart is sorrowful; and the end of that mirth [is] heaviness.
Ecclesiastes 2:2 I said of laughter, [It is] mad: and of mirth, What doeth it?
Ecclesiastes 7:6 For as the crackling of thorns under a pot, so [is] the laughter of the fool: this also [is] vanity.
Lamentations 5:15 The joy of our heart is ceased; our dance is turned into mourning.
Luke 6:25 Woe unto you that are full! for ye shall hunger. Woe unto you that laugh now! for ye shall mourn and weep.
Luke 16:25 But Abraham said, Son, remember that thou in thy lifetime receivedst thy good things, and likewise Lazarus evil things: but now he is comforted, and thou art tormented.
Revelation 18:7-8 How much she hath glorified herself, and lived deliciously, so much torment and sorrow give her: for she saith in her heart, I sit a queen, and am no widow, and shall see no sorrow. ... Therefore shall her plagues come in one day, death, and mourning, and famine; and she shall be utterly burned with fire: for strong [is] the Lord God who judgeth her.
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