Deuteronomy 21:4New American Standard Bible (NASB ©1995) [2]
— and the elders of that city shall bring the heifer down to a valley with running water, which has not been plowed or sown, and shall break the heifer’s neck there in the valley.
King James Version (KJV 1769) [2]
— And the elders of that city shall bring down the heifer unto a rough valley, which is neither eared nor sown, and shall strike off the heifer's neck there in the valley:
English Revised Version (ERV 1885)
— and the elders of that city shall bring down the heifer unto a valley with running water, which is neither plowed nor sown, and shall break the heifer's neck there in the valley:
American Standard Version (ASV 1901) [2]
— and the elders of that city shall bring down the heifer unto a valley with running water, which is neither plowed nor sown, and shall break the heifer's neck there in the valley.
Webster's Revision of the KJB (WEB 1833)
— And the elders of that city shall bring down the heifer to a rough valley, which is neither tilled nor sown, and shall strike off the heifer's neck there in the valley;
Darby's Translation (DBY 1890)
— and the elders of that city shall bring down the heifer unto an ever-flowing watercourse, which is not tilled, nor is it sown, and shall break the heifer's neck there in the watercourse;
Rotherham's Emphasized Bible (EBR 1902)
— and the elders of that city shall take down the heifer into a ravine with an everflowing stream, which is neither tilled nor sown,—and shall behead there, the heifer, in the ravine.
Young's Literal Translation (YLT 1898)
— and the elders of that city have brought down the heifer unto a hard valley, which is not tilled nor sown, and have beheaded there the heifer in the valley.
Douay-Rheims Challoner Revision (DR 1750)
— And they shall bring her into a rough and stony valley, that never was ploughed, nor sown: and there they shall strike off the head of the heifer:
Geneva Bible (GNV 1560)
— And let the Elders of that citie bring the heifer vnto a stonie valley, which is neyther eared nor sowen, and strike off the heifers necke there in the valley.
Original King James Bible (AV 1611) [2]
— And the Elders of that citie shall bring downe the heifer vnto a rough valley, which is neither eared nor sowen, and shall strike off the heifers necke there in the valley.
Lamsa Bible (1957)
— And the elders of that city shall bring down the heifer to a barren valley which has never been ploughed nor sown, and shall slaughter the heifer there in the valley;
Brenton Greek Septuagint (LXX, Restored Names)
— And the elders of that city shall bring down the heifer into a rough valley, which has not been tilled and is not sown, and they shall slay the heifer in the valley.
Full Hebrew Names / Holy Name KJV (2008) [2] [3]
— And the elders of that city shall bring down the heifer unto a rough valley, which is neither eared nor sown, and shall strike off the heifer's neck there in the valley: |
And the elders
2205
of that
x1931 (1931) Complementהוּאhuw'{hoo}
The second form is the feminine beyond the Pentateuch; a primitive word, the third person pronoun singular, he ( she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demonstrative) this or that; occasionally (instead of copula) as or are.
city
5892 {5892} Primeעִיר`iyr{eer}
From H5782 a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post).
shall bring down
3381 {3381} Primeיָרַדyarad{yaw-rad'}
A primitive root; to descend (literally to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively to fall); causatively to bring down (in all the above applications).
z8689 <8689> Grammar
Stem - Hiphil (See H8818) Mood - Perfect (See H8816) Count - 2675
x853 (0853) Complementאֵת'eth{ayth}
Apparently contracted from H0226 in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely).
the heifer
5697 {5697} Primeעֶגְלָה`eglah{eg-law'}
Feminine of H5695; a (female) calf, especially one nearly grown (that is, a heifer).
unto
x413 (0413) Complementאֵל'el{ale}
(Used only in the shortened constructive form (the second form)); a primitive particle, properly denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, that is, near, with or among; often in general, to.
a rough
386 {0386} Primeאֵיתָן'eythan{ay-thawn'}
From an unused root (meaning to continue); permanence; hence (concretely) permanent; specifically a chieftain.
valley,
5158 {5158} Primeנַחַלnachal{nakh'-al}
From H5157 in its original sense; a stream, especially a winter torrent; (by implication) a (narrow) valley (in which a brook runs); also a shaft (of a mine).
which
x834 (0834) Complementאֲשֶׁר'asher{ash-er'}
A primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number); who, which, what, that; also (as adverb and conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.
is neither
x3808 (3808) Complementלֹאlo'{lo}
lo; a primitive particle; not (the simple or abstract negation); by implication no; often used with other particles.
eared
5647 {5647} Primeעָבַד`abad{aw-bad'}
A primitive root; to work (in any sense); by implication to serve, till, (causatively) enslave, etc.
z8735 <8735> Grammar
Stem - Niphal (See H8833) Mood - Imperfect (See H8811) Count - 1602
nor
x3808 (3808) Complementלֹאlo'{lo}
lo; a primitive particle; not (the simple or abstract negation); by implication no; often used with other particles.
sown,
2232 {2232} Primeזָרַעzara`{zaw-rah'}
A primitive root; to sow; figuratively to disseminate, plant, fructify.
z8735 <8735> Grammar
Stem - Niphal (See H8833) Mood - Imperfect (See H8811) Count - 1602
and shall strike off
y6202 [6202] Standardעָרַף`araph{aw-raf'}
A primitive root (rather identical with H6201 through the idea of sloping); properly to bend downward; but used only as a denominative from H6203, to break the neck; hence (figuratively) to destroy.
z0 <0000> Grammar
The original word in the Greek or Hebrew is translated by more than one word in the English. The English translation is separated by one or more other words from the original.
x6203 (6203) Complementעֹרֶף`oreph{o-ref'}
From H6202; the nape or back of the neck (as declining); hence the back generally (whether literally or figuratively).
x853 (0853) Complementאֵת'eth{ayth}
Apparently contracted from H0226 in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely).
the heifer's
5697 {5697} Primeעֶגְלָה`eglah{eg-law'}
Feminine of H5695; a (female) calf, especially one nearly grown (that is, a heifer).
neck
y6202 [6202] Standardעָרַף`araph{aw-raf'}
A primitive root (rather identical with H6201 through the idea of sloping); properly to bend downward; but used only as a denominative from H6203, to break the neck; hence (figuratively) to destroy.
z8804 <8804> Grammar
Stem - Qal (See H8851) Mood - Perfect (See H8816) Count - 12562
x6203 (6203) Complementעֹרֶף`oreph{o-ref'}
From H6202; the nape or back of the neck (as declining); hence the back generally (whether literally or figuratively).
there
x8033 (8033) Complementשָׁםsham{shawm}
A primitive particle (rather from the relative H0834); there (transfered to time) then; often thither, or thence.
in the valley:
5158 {5158} Primeנַחַלnachal{nakh'-al}
From H5157 in its original sense; a stream, especially a winter torrent; (by implication) a (narrow) valley (in which a brook runs); also a shaft (of a mine). |
Deuteronomy 21:4
A rough valley — That such a desert and horrid place might beget an horror of murder and of the murderer. Strike off the neck — To shew what they would and should have done to the murderer if they had found him. |
Deuteronomy 21:4
And the elders of that city shall bring down the heifer unto a rough (b) valley, which is neither eared nor sown, and shall strike off the heifer's neck there in the valley:
(b) That the blood shed of the innocent beasts in a solitary place, might make them abhor the fact. |
- a rough valley:
- As the word nachal signifies both a torrent, and the valley or glen through which it flows, nachal aithan may be rendered a rapid torrent. Many torrents in Judea are dry during a great part of the year; when not only their banks but their beds may be ploughed, and yield a crop. Hence there is no impropriety in specifying that such a place should be one that "is neither cared nor sown;" while the circumstance that the elders were to wash their hands over the heifer, whose head had been struck off into the stream, confirms this interpretation. The spot of ground where this sacrifice was made must be uncultivated, because it was considered as a sacrifice for the atonement of murder, and, consequently, would pollute the land.
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- shall strike:
1 Peter 2:21-24 For even hereunto were ye called: because Christ also suffered for us, leaving us an example, that ye should follow his steps: ... Who his own self bare our sins in his own body on the tree, that we, being dead to sins, should live unto righteousness: by whose stripes ye were healed.
1 Peter 3:18 For Christ also hath once suffered for sins, the just for the unjust, that he might bring us to God, being put to death in the flesh, but quickened by the Spirit:
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